A surgical system, method, and apparatus for suturing a first anatomical structure to a second anatomical structure of a subject includes an endoscope tube for being advanced through a lumen of the first anatomical structure to a surgical site near the second anatomical structure. A manipulator arm extends through the endoscope tube to the surgical site, and includes a first concentric tube manipulator with an end effector configured to grasp and manipulate a suture at the surgical site. A needle arm extends through the endoscope tube to the surgical site, and includes a second concentric tube manipulator with a needle tip configured to pierce the tissue of the first and second anatomical structures. The needle arm is also configured to grasp the suture and to retract and pull the suture through the pierced tissue so that the suture extends through and forms stitching that stitches together the first and second anatomical structures.

An endoscope device having one or more processors configured to perform a control process including: processing an imaging signal to generate image data of a display image of a subject, wherein the image signal is generated by an image sensor, wherein the image sensor is arranged at a distal end of an insertion portion, and wherein a bending actuator is configured to bend the distal end; setting a first measurement point and a second measurement point on the display image; calculating a first subject distance from the first measurement point to a reference point of the image sensor, and a second subject distance from the second measurement point to the reference point; calculating a difference value between the first subject distance and the second subject distance; and controlling the bending actuator to bend the distal end of the insertion portion such that the difference value is decreased.

An adapter for use with an endoscope. The adapter including: at least first and second axis-shifted lenses, each of the first and second axis-shifted lenses including a truncated portion, the first and second axis shifted lenses being arranged side by side so that respective first and second optical axes are parallel to each other; and a prism arranged further distally than the first and second axis-shifted lenses, the prism being configured to change a viewing direction of each of the first and second axis-shifted lenses; wherein at least a portion of each of the truncated portions of the first and second axis-shifted lenses is arranged further outward in the radial direction than the prism.

Devices, methods, and systems are provided for consistent and effective delivery of ligating bands. In one embodiment, a crisscross orientation of pull cords along an exterior surface of a ligation barrel can be used to ensure consistent delivery of ligation bands to tissue, resulting in better results for patients and an easier, safer operation for users.

An inflatable in-vivo capsule endoscope and method of operation is provided. The inflatable in-vivo capsule endoscope may include a sensing device for capturing in-vivo images and one or more permanent magnets for magnetically guiding the endoscope, housed interior to a capsule-shaped body. The inflatable in-vivo capsule endoscope may include an inflatable buoy attached externally to the capsule-shaped body. An inflation device may inflate the in-vivo capsule endoscope to reduce its specific gravity by injecting gas into the inflatable buoy, such that when the inflatable buoy is injected with an above threshold volume of gas, the inflatable in-vivo capsule endoscope floats in liquid. The inflatable in-vivo capsule endoscope may be magnetically guided via its permanent magnets when exposed to an externally generated magnetic field. A reduced magnetic field strength and external magnet size may be used to magnetically navigate an inflated capsule floating in liquid than a conventional uninflated capsule.

There are provided a lesion part volume measuring method and an endoscopic diagnostic apparatus capable of easily detecting the volume of a lesion part without using a special treatment instrument. This problem is solved by detecting the position of a distal end portion of a scope hood from an image captured by an endoscope to which the scope hood is attached, finding the volume of the internal space of the scope hood, which is formed by the scope hood and the distal end surface of an insertion part, from the position of the distal end portion of the scope hood and the model of the endoscope and/or the model of the scope hood, and injecting water into the scope hood and detecting the volume of a lesion part from the difference between the water injection amount and the volume of the internal space of the scope hood.

According to one aspect, a medical device may be configured for use with an endoscope and may include a tool. The tool may include an actuator, at least one extension at a distal portion of the actuator, and a distal end. The at least one extension may extend radially outward from the actuator and may have an edge configured to fragment debris within a body. The medical device may also include a cap configured for coupling to a distal end of the endoscope, and the cap may include a body defining an opening and a cavity. The opening may be configured to align with optics of the endoscope, and the at least one extension may be positioned within the cavity of the body.

A light source apparatus includes an optical illumination unit that converts optical characteristics of primary light emitted from a light source unit and emits secondary light different from the primary light; and an adapter unit that outwardly emits illumination light generated based on the secondary light emitted from the optical illumination unit and that is attachable to/detachable from the optical illumination unit. A radiation angle control member converts a traveling direction of the secondary light so that the secondary light allowed to emit from a light conversion member toward the radiation angle control member in the secondary light allowed to emit from the light conversion member travels toward the adapter unit through the secondary light emit portion.

An adaptor including: first and second optical systems; a prism comprising a mirror region, first light flux and second light flux from the respective optical systems, being incident on the prism, the light flux passing through the prism at a portion, the second light flux being reflected by a mirror region after passing through the portion, the light flux emitted from the prism to a region; and a light-shield at the region, the light-shield shields one of the first and second light flux and is disposed proximally to the prism relative to an imaging system of the endoscope when the adaptor is attached to an endoscope; the first optical system is disposed such that the first light flux is incident in a direction parallel to an optical axis, the second optical system is disposed so that the second light flux is incident in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis.

A protective cap for use on arthroscopic instruments and sheaths disposed over arthroscopic instruments. The cap protects the distal end of the instrument from accidental damage caused by other instruments used during a surgical procedure. The cap has a flange disposed within an inner diameter of a bore within the cap to prevent the sheath from being pushed into the cap.