The Multipurpose Leaf Crop Harvesting Apparatus and Processing Method will accomplish seven steps in one pass of the combine harvester. This apparatus and processing method harvests leaf crops and is configured to perform multiple processing operations, including fractionation of the leaf crop, leaf maceration, leaf sizing, elevating the leaf fraction to a transport vehicle, and stem conditioning, cutting and windrowing, in a single pass through the crop field. These steps are accomplished using a header unit, an adapter feeder macerator and a forage harvester vehicle, expeditiously removing the leaf fraction from the field. Following leaf fraction harvesting, the leaf fraction is processed by densification into forage feed products. The processed leaf fraction can be combined with other feeds to make up customized feed rations. The stem fraction is also processed. The present invention can also be used to harvest grass crops.

Crop processing rolls for operative use in forage harvesters are disclosed. The crop processing rolls are formed with a plurality of first grooves that are oriented in a parallel manner with second smaller grooves intersecting the ridges to form discrete teeth from the ridges. The ridges can be formed vertically, horizontally or in a spiraled pattern with the smaller second grooves oriented into a spiraled pattern to form the discrete teeth. Crop processing roll segments can be formed in this manner and assembled into full processing rolls with the spiraled second grooves being oriented in opposing directions from adjacent segments. The number of segments can vary from two to eight individual segments with the second grooves breaking ridges into discrete teeth on adjacent segments forming a chevron pattern at intersecting positions along the longitudinal length of the processing roll.

Crop processing rolls are provided for operative use in forage harvesters wherein the crop processing rolls are formed with spiraled grooves that are oriented in opposing slopes extending from the opposite ends of the crop processing roll toward the center of the roll. The formation of these spiraled grooves defines teeth from the ridges created with the formation of vertical grooves into the circumferential surface of the crop processing roll. In one configuration, the spiraled grooves meet at the center of the crop processing roll in a V-shaped intersection to provide a chevron shape to the spiraled grooves. In a second configuration, the spiraled grooves do not intersect at the center and form a semi-chevron pattern that does not form a short tooth that the chevron configuration creates at the V-shaped intersection.

Crop processing rolls are provided for operative use in forage harvesters wherein the crop processing rolls are formed with spiraled grooves that are oriented in opposing slopes extending from the opposite ends of the crop processing roll toward the center of the roll. The formation of these spiraled grooves defines teeth from the ridges created with the formation of vertical grooves into the circumferential surface of the crop processing roll. In one configuration, the spiraled grooves meet at the center of the crop processing roll in a V-shaped intersection to provide a chevron shape to the spiraled grooves. In a second configuration, the spiraled grooves do not intersect at the center and form a semi-chevron pattern that does not form a short tooth that the chevron configuration creates at the V-shaped intersection.

A conveying and conditioning roller for a harvesting machine is provided on the surface thereof with teeth in the form of toothed strips which extend over the longitudinal extent of the roller and in each case have a leading tooth flank and a trailing tooth flank as well as a tooth edge. The roller is provided with wear protection zones continuously or in partial regions, the wear resistance thereof being greater than that of the material of the base body of the roller. The base body has a tooth structure determining the shape of the teeth and tooth wear protection zones are formed on the trailing tooth flanks by a high energy radiation process, substantially maintaining the geometry of the tooth structure, roller wear protection zones being formed together thereby on the rollers, as well as a method for producing such a roller wear protection zone.

A tractor assembly includes a tractor having a first set of wheels and a second set of wheels, a mower-conditioner assembly coupled to the tractor, a shield coupled to the conditioner at a location rearward thereof, and a crop moving assembly coupled to either the tractor or mower-conditioner assembly. The mower-conditioner assembly includes a mowing mechanism configured to cut a crop and a conditioner configured to crimp the crop. The shield deflects the crimped crop rearwardly therefrom and forms a windrow of a first width. The windrow is disposed directly behind the tractor and includes a device for spreading the windrow in at least one direction to form a second width. The second width is greater than the first width.

A mower-conditioner assembly of a self-propelled windrower includes a frame, a cutting mechanism coupled to the frame for cutting crop, a conditioner rotatably coupled to the frame at a location rearward of the cutting mechanism, and a fluffer assembly rotatably coupled to the frame at a location rearward of the conditioner. The fluffer assembly includes at least an elongated roll and a crop moving element. The conditioner crimps the crop after it is cut, and the fluffer assembly fluffs or moves the crop during operation.

A mower-conditioner assembly of a self-propelled windrower includes a frame, a cutting mechanism coupled to the frame for cutting crop, a conditioner rotatably coupled to the frame at a location rearward of the cutting mechanism, and a fluffer assembly rotatably coupled to the frame at a location rearward of the conditioner. The fluffer assembly includes at least an elongated roll and a crop moving element. The conditioner crimps the crop after it is cut, and the fluffer assembly fluffs or moves the crop during operation.

An agricultural crop conditioner comprising: a frame; first and second conditioner rolls with the second conditioner roll being movable towards and away from the first conditioner roll to change a size of a gap between the rolls; a tensioner configured to generate closing force component to bias the second conditioner roll in the closing direction; a conditioner roll drive circuit; and a hydraulic actuator. The conditioner roll drive circuit has a hydraulic pump and motor to drive at least one of the conditioner rolls. The hydraulic actuator is configured to convert pressure from hydraulic fluid in the reverse supply line into an opening force to bias the second conditioner roll away from the first conditioner roll. The opening force is less than the closing force when the pump is operated in a forward direction, and greater than the closing force when the pump is operated in a reverse direction.

An agricultural crop conditioner comprising: a frame with a first conditioner roll rotatably mounted to the frame, and a second conditioner roll rotatably and movably mounted to the frame. A tensioner is connected between the frame and the second roll, and configured to generate a first force to bias the second roll towards the first roll. The conditioner has a roll drive circuit comprising a hydraulic pump configured to drive a hydraulic motor. A hydraulic actuator is operatively connected to a forward supply line between the pump and the motor. The hydraulic actuator is configured to change the first force as an inverse function of changes in a pressure of hydraulic fluid in the forward supply line during operation of the hydraulic motor in a forward processing direction.