To suppress the generation of condensed water and suppress the flow of the condensed water into a fuel cell stack. A fuel cell system comprising: a fuel cell stack, an elector set, a fuel gas supplier which supplies fuel gas to the ejector set, a circulation flow path, a mixed gas supply flow path, a temperature detector which detects a temperature of the fuel gas, and a controller, wherein the ejector set includes at least two ejectors in parallel, which are a first ejector that supplies first mixed gas to the fuel electrodes of the fuel cell stack, and a second ejector that supplies second mixed gas, in which a content ratio of the circulation gas is smaller than the first mixed gas, to the fuel electrodes of the fuel cell stack.

An energy storage system includes a vanadium redox battery that interfaces with a control system to optimize performance and efficiency. The control system calculates optimal pump speeds, electrolyte temperature ranges, and charge and discharge rates. The control system instructs the vanadium redox battery to operate in accordance with the prescribed parameters. The control system further calculates optimal temperature ranges and charge and discharge rates for the vanadium redox battery.

At low temperature, a temperature regulator regulates a flow rate of a coolant to the water-cooled intercooler such that the temperature of the oxygen-containing gas (supercharged air) supplied from the oxygen-containing gas supply machine to the oxygen-containing gas inlet of the fuel cell stack increases as the generated electric power by the fuel cell stack increases (characteristic in FIG. 2).

A system and method for cooling and humidifying a cathode subsystem of a fuel cell for an automobile. The system includes a compressor, an air input line including an intercooler configured to cool air output by the compressor, a fluid output line including a fluid injection system, a cathode stack configured to receive air via the air input line and output a fluid to the fluid output line, and an electronic processor. The electronic processor is configured to control the fluid injection system such that the fluid output from the cathode stack is injected into the air input line.

A fuel cell system for generating power by supplying anode gas and cathode gas to a fuel cell, comprising a compressor for supplying the cathode gas to the fuel cell, a pulsating operation unit causing a pressure of the anode gas to pulsate based on an operation state of the fuel cell system, a first target pressure setting unit setting a first target pressure of the cathode gas based on a request of the fuel cell, a second target pressure setting unit setting a second target pressure of the cathode gas for keeping a differential pressure in the fuel cell to be within a permissible differential pressure range according to the pressure of the anode gas in the fuel cell, and a compressor control unit controlling the compressor based on the first target pressure and the second target pressure. The second target pressure setting unit sets the second target pressure based on an upper limit target pressure in pulsation on the pulsation of the pressure of the anode gas.

The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods in a vehicle or powertrain system including an air stream flowing through an air compressor and an air cooler into a fuel cell stack, an air stream flowing out of the fuel cell stack to an ambient through a backpressure valve, one or more sensors for measuring pressure or temperature in the first air stream or second air stream, and a controller controlling the flow of the first air stream, the flow of the scond air stream and the opening of the backpressure valve.

A fuel cell apparatus may include a stack, a reformer configured to generate reformed gas, a burner, a water supply tank configured to store cooling water, a burner air blower configured to draw in external air and then to blow the air, a vertex tube configured to convert the air into heated air and cooled air, a three-way valve configured to supply the air from the burner air blower selectively to the vertex tube or the burner, a first heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the air discharged from the vertex tube and the cooling water, a second heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the air discharged from the vertex tube and the reformed gas, and a four-way valve configured to supply the heated air and the cooled air to the first and second heat exchangers.

A PEM fuel or electrolysis cell with an extended lifetime, improved performance and uniform and stable operation is disclosed wherein a membrane electrode assembly is provided with a gradient of one or more properties in combination with a modification of one or more control parameters of the cell during its operation.

A coolant injection controller for a fuel cell system, the coolant injection controller configured to actively control the flow of a coolant to a fuel cell assembly for cooling and/or hydrating the fuel cell assembly in response to a measure of fuel cell assembly performance, wherein the coolant injection controller is configured to provide for a first mode of operation if the measure of fuel cell assembly performance is below a predetermined threshold and a second mode of operation if the measure of fuel cell assembly performance is above the predetermined threshold, the first and second modes having different coolant injection profiles and wherein, in the first mode of operation, the coolant injection profile provides for control of the flow of coolant by alternating between at least two different injection flow rates.

A method for supplying air to a fuel cell (2), using a controllable air conveying device (7) which delivers an air mass flow for a cathode chamber (4) of the fuel cell (2), and using at least one air mass flow sensor (9, 18). The invention is characterized in that, for at least one location (19) in the air flow path which is situated at a distance from the at least one air mass flow sensor (9) in the flow direction, a computed estimate is made of the air mass flow present at that location.