The present invention provides a strong polymer electrolyte membrane which can provide a water electrolyzer operable at low electrolysis voltage. The polymer electrolyte membrane of the present invention comprises a fluorinated polymer and a woven fabric, wherein the weight of the woven fabric is from 20 to 95 g/m.sup.2, and the warp and weft of the woven fabric independently have a denier of from 30 to 100.

The present disclosure relates to an acid-base polymer blend membrane comprising at least one first polymer exhibiting acidic groups (A) and at least one second polymer exhibiting basic groups (B), wherein the molar ratio of acidic groups A / basic groups B in the acid-base polymer blend membrane is at least 1 / 0.25. Furthermore, the present disclosure relates to a cell membrane comprising a support structure and an acid-base polymer blend membrane, wherein the acid-base polymer blend membrane is impregnated on the support structure. Said cell membrane can be used in an electrodialysis cell, in a fuel cell, in a PEM electrolyzer, or in a redox flow battery, preferably in a redox flow battery.

The present disclosure relates to composite materials comprising a reinforcement material and a cationic polyelectrolyte, such as a porous reinforcement material impregnated with the cationic poly electrolyte. The present disclosure further relates to membrane electrode assemblies comprising the composites of the disclosure, and electrochemical devices comprising the disclosed membrane electrode assemblies.

Disclosed is a composite polymer electrolyte membrane comprising: a support membrane; a metal ion-blocking layer stacked on the support membrane; a stabilization layer; and a protecting layer, wherein the support membrane includes a cation conductive polymer.

Disclosed is a composite polymer electrolyte membrane comprising: a support membrane; a metal ion-blocking layer stacked on the support membrane; a stabilization layer; and a protecting layer, wherein the support membrane includes a cation conductive polymer.

The present disclosure includes a system, method, and device related to controlling brakes of a towed vehicle. A brake controller system includes a brake controller that controls the brakes of a towed vehicle based on acceleration. The brake controller is in communication with a speed sensor. The speed sensor determines the speed of a towing vehicle or a towed vehicle. The brake controller automatically sets a gain or boost based on the speed and acceleration.

The present disclosure includes a system, method, and device related to controlling brakes of a towed vehicle. A brake controller system includes a brake controller that controls the brakes of a towed vehicle based on acceleration. The brake controller is in communication with a speed sensor. The speed sensor determines the speed of a towing vehicle or a towed vehicle. The brake controller automatically sets a gain or boost based on the speed and acceleration.

To provide an electrolyte membrane wherein pinholes are less likely to occur even when used in a cell having an anode and a cathode under voltage for a prolonged period of time, as well as an electrolysis apparatus and a redox flow battery which contain the membrane. An electrolyte membrane comprising a fluorinated polymer containing ion-exchange groups and a woven fabric, wherein said woven fabric consists of yarns A extending in one direction and yarns B extending in a direction orthogonal to said yarns A, the aspect ratio YA.sub.CA2/YA.sub.CA1 exceeds 1 and is larger than the aspect ratio YA.sub.A2/YA.sub.A1, and the aspect ratio YA.sub.CB2/YA.sub.CB1 exceeds 1 and is larger than the aspect ratio YA.sub.B2/YA.sub.B1. (YA.sub.CA2, YA.sub.CA1, YA.sub.A2, YA.sub.A1, YA.sub.CB2, YA.sub.CB1, YA.sub.B2 and YA.sub.B1 are as defined in the specification.)

Disclosed are a polymer electrolyte membrane and a membrane-electrode assembly comprising same, the membrane having, without a deterioration in performance such as ion conductivity, excellent mechanical properties, so as to ensure the manufacture of a membrane-electrode assembly having such high durability that the wet/dry cycle, which is measured according to accelerated durability test method of a NEDO protocol, is 30,000 times or more. The polymer electrolyte membrane of the present invention comprises: a porous support having a plurality of pores; and a composite layer including ionomers that fill the pores, wherein the ratio (IS/FS) of the stab initial strain (IS) of the polymer electrolyte membrane to the stab final strain (FS) of the polymer electrolyte membrane is 0.4 to 1.0.

Disclosed are a polymer electrolyte membrane and a membrane-electrode assembly comprising same, the membrane having, without a deterioration in performance such as ion conductivity, excellent mechanical properties, so as to ensure the manufacture of a membrane-electrode assembly having such high durability that the wet/dry cycle, which is measured according to accelerated durability test method of a NEDO protocol, is 30,000 times or more. The polymer electrolyte membrane of the present invention comprises: a porous support having a plurality of pores; and a composite layer including ionomers that fill the pores, wherein the ratio (IS/FS) of the stab initial strain (IS) of the polymer electrolyte membrane to the stab final strain (FS) of the polymer electrolyte membrane is 0.4 to 1.0.