A beamforming circuit for receiving and/or transmitting one or more (typically a plurality of) beams. The beamforming circuit includes: an antenna I/O module having antenna ports; a data bus connection for connecting to a data bus for communication of data streams of one or more beams to be produced (received or transmitted); a beamforming module including a plurality of beam-forming channels connectable in between the data bus connection and the antenna ports for processing signals communicated between them to introduce controllable shifts (e.g. time-delays and/or phase-shifts) in order to beamform the processed signals, being received and/or transmitted. Whereby the beamforming circuit includes a cascade I/O module enabling to connect one or more additional beam-forming circuits to the beamforming circuit, in a “vertical” cascade, to thereby enable forming of one or more additional beams by the beamforming modules of the one or more additional beamforming circuits. The cascade I/O module includes a plurality of cascade ports respectively connected to the plurality of antenna ports via a plurality of corresponding bypass channels. Each antenna port is connectable, in parallel, to at least one respective bypass channel and to one or more of the beamforming channels of the beamforming circuit, via a signal splitter/combiner. In transmission configuration/mode, the signal splitter/combiner is operable for combining signals from the bypass channel and the one or more beamforming channels, which are associated with the respective antenna port; and in reception configuration/mode, the signal splitter/combiner is configured and operable for splitting the signals of the respective antenna port to form duplicates thereof at the respective bypass channel and the one or more beamforming channels associated with the respective antenna port.

Disclosed is a high frequency beam forming device. The high frequency beam forming device includes a 2D radiation array structure unit in which oscillators coupled to antennas are arranged in 2D; and a plurality of phase difference detectors coupled between the oscillators formed in the 2D radiation array structure unit to detect a phase difference between the coupled oscillators.

Disclosed is a high frequency beam forming device. The high frequency beam forming device includes a 2D radiation array structure unit in which oscillators coupled to antennas are arranged in 2D; and a plurality of phase difference detectors coupled between the oscillators formed in the 2D radiation array structure unit to detect a phase difference between the coupled oscillators.

Disclosed are systems for adjusting bias power provided to a radio-frequency amplifier to one or more figures of merit based on sensed characteristics of the amplifier and/or characteristics of the input or output power. The systems may be used in terrestrial and satellite based communications and radar, among other possibilities.

Disclosed are systems for adjusting bias power provided to a radio-frequency amplifier to one or more figures of merit based on sensed characteristics of the amplifier and/or characteristics of the input or output power. The systems may be used in terrestrial and satellite based communications and radar, among other possibilities.

A radio-frequency chip is provided, and relates to the field of chip technologies, to reduce a component loss caused by redundant components in the radio-frequency chip. The radio-frequency chip includes a phased array, the phased array includes a plurality of branches, and each of the plurality of branches includes a transmitting path, a receiving path, a common path, and a phase shifter. The phase shifter includes a first phase shift unit, a second phase shift unit, and a third phase shift unit. The first phase shift unit is located on the transmitting path, the second phase shift unit is located on the receiving path, and the third phase shift unit is located on the common path.

This disclosure provide various techniques for improving the quality of a signal. By integrating phase-shifting circuitry with a transmit/receive (T/R) switch, insertion loss may be reduced while decreasing space consumed on an integrated circuit or printed circuit board. In particular, embodiments disclosed herein include a transmitter and a receiver, each including one or more differential amplifiers coupled to a first inductor, and a switching network coupled to a second inductor and one or more phase-shifting circuitries. A differential interface of the differential amplifiers may enable integration of a stage of the phase shifter (e.g., a 180 degree stage) with the T/R switch, such that a single circuit may operate as the phase shifter and the T/R switch. This implementation may reduce the number of T/R switches and phase shifter stages in the phased array system, reducing the overall insertion loss experienced by the phased array system.

A method of communicating between a transmitter and a receiver in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes selecting a beamformer from a beamforming codebook. The method further includes transmitting a signal from antenna elements using the selected beamformer by adjusting a gain and a phase of the signal. The antenna elements correspond to an absolute value and an angle of a respective complex beamforming coefficient from the selected beamformer. The beamformer is a composite beam including a plurality of disjoint beam lobes, and each of the plurality of disjoint beam lobes covers a desired angular interval.

A liquid crystal phase shifter, a liquid crystal antenna, a communication apparatus, and a method for operating a liquid crystal phase shifter are provided. The liquid crystal phase shifter includes a microwave transmission structure and a phase adjustment structure opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer between the microwave transmission structure and the phase adjustment structure; wherein the phase adjustment structure comprises a plurality of phase adjustment units; the plurality of phase adjustment units are configured to change a dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer according to a voltage applied to the phase adjustment units and a voltage applied to the microwave transmission structure, so as to adjust a phase of a microwave signal; and phase shift amounts adjusted by at least two of the plurality of phase adjustment units are different from each other.

Systems and methods for operating a phased array are described. In an example, a system may convert a desired beam direction of a desired beam into at least one phase slope parameter. The phased array may include a plurality of antennas connected to a plurality of front-end circuits of a beam forming circuit, and each antenna may be connected to a respective front-end circuit. For each antenna among the plurality of antennas, the system may determine a phase shift parameter of the antenna based on the at least one phase slope parameter and a physical location of the antenna. For each antenna among the plurality of antennas, the system may map the determined phase shift parameter of the antenna to control settings for a front-end circuit connected to the antenna.