A half bridge DC-DC converter device includes a primary circuit and a secondary circuit, which include separate windings that are disposed around a magnetic core. The first circuit includes two switches and a drive circuit to turn the two switches on and off in an alternating fashion. The primary circuit further includes two thermal regulating components to regulate the current at the base of the two switches over a range of operating temperatures. The regulation of base current over a range of different operating temperatures results in the half bridge converter device being efficient and maintaining a stable switching frequency over the operational temperature range.

The present disclosure discloses a flow battery system and a large-scale flow battery energy storage device. The flow battery system comprises multiple flow batteries; each of the flow batteries comprises a battery pack A, a battery pack B, a battery pack C, and a set of electrolyte circulation system used by the battery pack A, the battery pack B and the battery pack C; the battery pack A, the battery pack B and the battery pack C comprised in each flow battery are independent of each other in the circuit. According to the present disclosure, at least two sets of electrolyte circulation system are saved under the same power scale, such that the system stability is improved while the cost is reduced.

A transformer includes first and second primary windings serially electrically connected in a primary-side series combination. The transformer further includes a secondary winding disposed between the first primary winding and the second primary winding. The transformer further includes first and second shielding windings serially electrically connected in a shielding series combination. The first shielding winding is disposed between the first primary winding and the secondary winding, and the second shielding winding is disposed between the second primary winding and the secondary winding.

Apparatus for power conversion are provided. One apparatus includes a power converter including an input circuit and an output circuit. The power converter is configured to receive power from a source for providing power at a DC source voltage V.sub.S. The power converter is adapted to convert power from the input circuit to the output circuit at a substantially fixed voltage transformation ratio K.sub.DC=V.sub.OUT/V.sub.IN at an output current, wherein V.sub.IN is an input voltage and V.sub.OUT is an output voltage. The input circuit and at least a portion of the output circuit are connected in series across the source, such that an absolute value of the input voltage V.sub.IN applied to the input circuit is approximately equal to the absolute value of the DC source voltage V.sub.S minus a number N times the absolute value of the output voltage V.sub.OUT, where N is at least 1.

Battery powered devices are provided with electrically isolated outputs. One exemplary battery device comprises at least one battery; and control electronics configured to provide a plurality of outputs from one of the at least one battery, wherein the plurality of outputs comprise at least one output that is electrically isolated from at least one other output of the plurality of outputs that each provide power to one or more of a plurality of loads. In another exemplary battery device, the control electronics are configured to provide a plurality of outputs from one of the at least one battery, and further comprises a housing assembly comprising (i) at least two surfaces, wherein the at least two surfaces have a space therebetween configured to house the control electronics and the at least one battery; or (ii) a tubular structure configured to house the control electronics and the at least one battery.

Battery powered devices are provided with electrically isolated outputs. One exemplary battery device comprises at least one battery; and control electronics configured to provide a plurality of outputs from one of the at least one battery, wherein the plurality of outputs comprise at least one output that is electrically isolated from at least one other output of the plurality of outputs that each provide power to one or more of a plurality of loads. In another exemplary battery device, the control electronics are configured to provide a plurality of outputs from one of the at least one battery, and further comprises a housing assembly comprising (i) at least two surfaces, wherein the at least two surfaces have a space therebetween configured to house the control electronics and the at least one battery; or (ii) a tubular structure configured to house the control electronics and the at least one battery.

System and method via which a switching element is switched in a regulated state of a switching converter at a predetermined stable switching frequency, wherein a switch-on point of the switching element is predetermined by a switching signal generated via a sawtooth signal reaching/exceeding a switch-on threshold value such that the switch-on point of the switching element falls in a valley of an oscillating voltage prevailing at the switched-off switching element, where a prevailing period duration of the switching signal is continuously determined to detect the period duration that is compared with a predetermined reference period duration of a period duration reference unit, a control variable is generated from the comparison and a gap is changed between the sawtooth signal, which is influenced with the valley-identifying signal, and the switch-on threshold value until ascertaining, with reference to the determined prevailing period duration, the stable switching frequency has been reached.

Embodiments of this application provide charging apparatuses, charging apparatus control methods, and charging systems, and relate to the field of terminal device charging technologies. The charging apparatus includes a rectifier circuit, a transformer, a lower bridge switch, a clamp capacitor, an upper bridge switch, and a controller. The transformer includes a primary coil and at least one secondary coil. The controller is configured to control the upper bridge switch and the lower bridge switch to be alternatively turned on. The controller is further configured to obtain a sampling waveform at a location at which the controller is electrically connected to the transformer when the lower bridge switch is turned off, and, when the sampling waveform is abnormal, turn off the lower bridge switch in a first phase of a next charging cycle. The sampling waveform includes a voltage waveform of the primary coil or a voltage waveform of the secondary coil.

A switching control circuit for controlling an LLC converter that includes a first switching device, a first free-wheeling diode connected in parallel with the first switching device, a second switching device connected in series with the first switching device and the first free-wheeling diode, and a second free-wheeling diode connected in parallel with the second switching device. The switching control circuit controls switching of the first and second switching devices. The switching control circuit includes a determination circuit determining whether an operation mode of the LLC converter is a first mode or a second mode based on the resonant current of the LLC converter, and a drive signal output circuit outputting first and second drive signals for respectively switching the first and second switching devices based on the determined operation mode, to thereby prevent a shoot-through current from flowing through the first switching device or the second switching device.

The isolation transformer includes two kinds of winding, a high voltage side winding and a low voltage side winding, and the high voltage side winding and the low voltage side winding are formed in winding layers, wherein the high voltage side winding includes windings formed in multiple winding layers, a winding layer having a different number of turns exists in one or more kinds of the two kinds of winding among the windings formed in the multiple winding layers, winding layers wherein current flows in the same direction are stacked in such a way as not to be neighboring, and at least one of winding layers having the greatest number of turns is disposed as a layer other than an outermost layer.