A polarity-selectable high voltage direct current power supply including a first drive assembly that transforms a first low voltage DC input into a first medium voltage alternating current output; a first HV output assembly that transforms the first LV AC output into a first HV DC output, wherein the first HV output assembly defines a first input stage; a polarity selector coupled between the second output junction of the first drive assembly and the first and second input stages of the first HV output assembly, the polarity selector operable between a first configuration and a second configuration; wherein in the first configuration the first HV DC output has a positive polarity; and wherein in the second configuration the first HV DC output has a negative polarity.

A convenient electronic circuit in which a switch is able to be switched through electric power obtained using weak radio waves is provided. An electronic circuit includes: a switch configured to switch a connection state between a power supply configured to output DC electric power and a load; a first antenna capable of receiving radio waves; a second antenna capable of receiving radio waves; a first power conversion circuit configured to convert electric power received by the first antenna into DC electric power and output the converted DC electric power from a first DC power output terminal; a second power conversion circuit configured to convert electric power received by the second antenna into DC electric power and output the converted DC electric power from a second DC power output terminal; and a control circuit configured to switch a connection state of the switch when a difference between electric power input from a first input terminal and electric power input from a second input terminal is larger than a predetermined value.

A power supply circuit is provided with: an AC voltage supply part; and one or more Cockcroft-Walton circuits. The one or more Cockcroft-Walton circuits include a plurality of output terminals and are supplied with an AC voltage from the AC voltage supply part. The plurality of output terminals are configured to output different DC potentials for each output terminal according to a magnitude of the AC voltage.

An apparatus including direct-current (DC)-alternating-current (AC) inverter circuitry, first and second circuits, and output circuitry. The DC-AC inverter circuitry inverts a DC input signal corresponding to an input voltage to an AC signal. The first circuit and second circuits respectively include inductive isolation circuits driven in response to power from the at least one AC signal, and rectifier circuits that responds to the inductive isolation circuits by outputting first and second rectified signals, where at least one of the first and second rectifier circuits characterized as being limited by a voltage breakdown rating. The output circuitry provides a DC output voltage signal and to cascade a plurality of signals, including the first and second rectified signals, to provide a voltage source that is dependent on the first and second rectified signals and greater than voltage breakdown rating.

The invention provides a power supply device and a charged particle beam device capable of reducing noise generated between a plurality of voltages. The charged particle beam device includes a charged particle gun configured to emit a charged particle beam, a stage on which a sample is to be placed, and a power supply circuit configured to generate a first voltage and a second voltage that determine energy of the charged particle beam and supply the first voltage to the charged particle gun. The power supply circuit includes a first booster circuit configured to generate the first voltage, a second booster circuit configured to generate the second voltage, and a switching control circuit configured to perform switching control of the first booster circuit and the second booster circuit using common switch signals.

An apparatus including direct-current (DC)-alternating-current (AC) inverter circuitry, first and second circuits, and output circuitry. The DC-AC inverter circuitry inverts a DC input signal corresponding to an input voltage to an AC signal. The first circuit and second circuits respectively include inductive isolation circuits driven in response to power from the at least one AC signal, and rectifier circuits that responds to the inductive isolation circuits by outputting first and second rectified signals, where at least one of the first and second rectifier circuits characterized as being limited by a voltage breakdown rating. The output circuitry provides a DC output voltage signal and to cascade a plurality of signals, including the first and second rectified signals, to provide a voltage source that is dependent on the first and second rectified signals and greater than voltage breakdown rating.

Disclosed herein is a AC direct LED driving apparatus. The light emitting diode (LED) driving apparatus includes: a rectifier configured to receive and rectify an alternating current (AC) voltage; an LED configured to emit light based on a rectified voltage received from the rectifier; a capacitor connected to a first terminal of the LED, and configured to drive the LED while alternating between charging and discharging sections according to a preset cycle; a first current driver connected to a second terminal of the LED and configured to control a path of current flowing in the LED and the capacitor based on different input voltage levels; a second current driver configured to control charging and discharging of the capacitor; and a first diode connected onto a current path of the capacitor and the second current driver, and configured to form a discharging path for driving the LED based on a charged voltage of the capacitor.

The invention provides a power supply device and a charged particle beam device capable of reducing noise generated between a plurality of voltages. The charged particle beam device includes a charged particle gun configured to emit a charged particle beam, a stage on which a sample is to be placed, and a power supply circuit configured to generate a first voltage and a second voltage that determine energy of the charged particle beam and supply the first voltage to the charged particle gun. The power supply circuit includes a first booster circuit configured to generate the first voltage, a second booster circuit configured to generate the second voltage, and a switching control circuit configured to perform switching control of the first booster circuit and the second booster circuit using common switch signals.

A convenient electronic circuit in which a switch is able to be switched through electric power obtained using weak radio waves is provided. An electronic circuit includes a switch which is connected between a power supply configured to output direct current (DC) electric power and a load driven through DC electric power supplied from the power supply and which switches a connection state between the power supply and the load from a non-conduction state to a conduction state; a power conversion circuit which includes a power input terminal to which electric power obtained through radio waves received by an antenna is input and a DC power output terminal configured to output DC electric power and which converts electric power input to the power input terminal into DC electric power and outputs the converted DC electric power from the DC power output terminal; and a control circuit configured to control a connection state of the switch to be in a conduction state when the power conversion circuit outputs DC electric power. The power conversion circuit includes at least a first capacitor, a first diode, a second capacitor, and a second diode.

A convenient electronic circuit in which a switch is able to be switched through electric power obtained using weak radio waves is provided. An electronic circuit includes: a switch configured to switch a connection state between a power supply configured to output DC electric power and a load; a first antenna capable of receiving radio waves; a second antenna capable of receiving radio waves; a first power conversion circuit configured to convert electric power received by the first antenna into DC electric power and output the converted DC electric power from a first DC power output terminal; a second power conversion circuit configured to convert electric power received by the second antenna into DC electric power and output the converted DC electric power from a second DC power output terminal; and a control circuit configured to switch a connection state of the switch when a difference between electric power input from a first input terminal and electric power input from a second input terminal is larger than a predetermined value.