Techniques are described herein for performing channel estimation for both uplink and downlink channels. Additional reference signals may be allocated or assigned to various resource elements (REs) of a transmission time interval (TTI). The receiving device (e.g., a base station or a user equipment (UE)) may be configured to use the additional reference signals during channel estimation. The use of additional reference signals may improve the accuracy of the channel estimations. In downlink communications, a base station may allocate one or more channel state information reference signals (CSI-RSs) to a port of a UE. In uplink communications, a UE may transmit several sounding reference signals (SRSs) in a group.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receive, from a base station (BS), information identifying a quantity of demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequences supported per antenna panel of the BS. The UE may transmit a DMRS communication having one or more DMRS sequences configured based at least in part on the quantity of DMRS sequences supported per antenna panel and scrambled using an extended DMRS scrambling identifier that is based at least in part on a physical random access channel preamble. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Provided is a transmitter which improves the flexibility of SRS resource allocation without increasing the amount of signaling for notifying the cyclic shift amount. In the transmitter, with regard to each basic shift amount candidate group having a basic shift amount from 0 to N−1, a transmission control unit (206) specifies the actual shift amount imparted to a cyclic shift sequence used in scrambling a reference signal transmitted from each antenna port, said specification being performed based on a table in which cyclic shift amount candidates correspond to each antenna port, and based on setting information transmitted from a base station (100). With regard to basic shift amount candidates for shift amount X, the table differentiates between an offset pattern comprising offset values for cyclic shift amount candidates corresponding to each antenna port and an offset pattern corresponding to basic shift amount candidates of X+N/2.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method of receiving a downlink signal, which is received by a user equipment in a wireless communication system, includes the steps of receiving a TxPowerResourceConfigList for a user equipment which is not configured with a transmission mode 10 and one or more zeroTxPowerResourceConfigLists and receiving a DCI (downlink control channel) including a PRI (PDSCH RE mapping indicator). In this case, the user equipment can recognize whether a PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel) is mapped to REs (resource elements) to which a CSI-RS is transmittable using the one or more zeroTxPowerResourceConfigLists and the PRI.

This application provides a communication method. The communication method includes: obtaining, by the database network element, training data, where the training data includes service transmission data and network data; sending, by the database network element, the training data to the data analytics network element; and receiving, by the database network element, first information from the data analytics network element, where the first information includes a first feature index list set, a service identifier corresponding to each feature index list in the first feature index list set, and a DNN corresponding to the service identifier.

An apparatus and a method for generating a frame for communication using beamforming in a wireless communication system are provided. A method for transmitting a signal in a transmitting stage includes determining a beam change time of a region for transmitting information in a frame, and transmitting the information to a receiving stage over the region for transmitting the information by considering the beam change time. The frame includes a plurality of regions divided based on a type of the information transmitted to the receiving stage, and the plurality of the regions includes different beam change times.

Presently disclosed are systems and methods for beamforming training in WLANs. In various embodiments, there are unified MIMO beamforming training procedure, which includes a training period in which an initiator transmits multiple unified training frames for performing a transmit-beamforming training of the initiator and a receive-beamforming training of one or more responders; a feedback period in which each responder replies with a beamforming-feedback response; and an acknowledgement period during which the initiator transmits respective acknowledgement frames to the one or more responders from which responses were received. Rules for restricted random access in various slots of the feedback period may be implemented, to address response contention between multiple qualifying responders.

A terminal according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a receiving section that receives a first channel state information (CSI)—reference signal (RS) based on a sequence having a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) which is lower than a PAPR of a pseudo-random sequence; and a control section that performs measurement by using the first CSI-RS. It is possible to appropriately perform communication even in a case of utilizing a high frequency band.

An apparatus and a method for generating a frame for communication using beamforming in a wireless communication system are provided. A method for transmitting a signal in a transmitting stage includes determining a beam change time of a region for transmitting information in a frame, and transmitting the information to a receiving stage over the region for transmitting the information by considering the beam change time. The frame includes a plurality of regions divided based on a type of the information transmitted to the receiving stage, and the plurality of the regions includes different beam change times.

An MIMO training method including performing transmission sector sweeping using an initiator including a plurality of transmitting antennas, selecting a set of at least one transmission sector for each of the transmitting antennas using a responder including a plurality of receiving antennas; performing reception sector sweeping using the initiator, selecting a set of at least one reception sector for each of the plurality of receiving antennas using the responder, performing beam combination training using the initiator; and selecting a determined number of sector pairs consisting of a transmission sector and a reception sector from among the selected set of transmission sectors and the selected set of reception sectors using the responder, wherein the transmitting antennas in the selected sector pairs differ from one another, and the receiving antennas in the selected sector pairs differ from one another.