A method for training a function of an X-ray system that has a positioning mechanism such as a C-arm, a detector, and, in a beam path in front of the detector, an anti-scatter grid. Positioning of the detector at a large number of different positions occurs. The positioning mechanism is deflected and/or distorted. Recording of at least one X-ray photograph in each of the positions then takes place, and the method further includes machine learning of artifacts generated by the anti-scatter grid from all X-ray photographs for the function.

Apparatus for performing a procedure using a tool configured to be advanced into a skeletal portion within a body of a subject along a longitudinal insertion path, and for use with: (a) a 3D imaging device configured to acquire 3D image data of the skeletal portion. (b) a 2D x-ray imaging device that is unregistered with respect to the subject's body and configured, while a portion of the tool is disposed at a first location along the longitudinal insertion path.

A radiography apparatus includes a radiation emitting device that irradiates a subject with radiation, a camera that captures an image of the subject to acquire a captured image of the subject, and a radiation detector that detects the radiation transmitted through the subject and generates a radiographic image of the subject. The driving state of at least one of the radiation emitting device or the radiation detector is controlled on the basis of whether the radiation detector is included in the captured image.

A method for determining the position and/or orientation of at least one sensor system relative to the base structure of a scanning system during scanning of an object includes obtaining one or more tracking images using one or more cameras, where the cameras are in a fixed position with respect to the sensor system; and determining from the one or more tracking images the position and/or orientation of the sensor system relative to the base structure at a given time.

Disclosed are a quantum dot population including a plurality of cadmium free quantum dots, a quantum dot polymer composite including the same, and a display device including the same. The plurality of cadmium free quantum dots includes: a semiconductor nanocrystal core comprising indium and phosphorous, a first semiconductor nanocrystal shell disposed on the semiconductor nanocrystal core and comprising zinc and selenium, and a second semiconductor nanocrystal shell disposed on the first semiconductor nanocrystal shell and comprising zinc and sulfur, wherein an average particle size of the plurality of cadmium free quantum dots is greater than or equal to about 5.5 nm, a standard deviation of particle sizes of the plurality of cadmium free quantum dots is less than or equal to about 20% of the average particle size, and an average solidity of the plurality of cadmium free quantum dots is greater than or equal to about 0.85.

The disclosure relates to a system and method for calibrating a medical system. The method may include one or more of the following operations. Projection data of a phantom comprising a plurality of markers may be acquired from an imaging device, at a plurality of angles of a source of the imaging device. A plurality of projection matrices of a first coordinate system relating to the phantom and a transformation matrix between the first coordinate system and a second coordinate system relating to the imaging device may be determined based on the projection data of the phantom and coordinates of the plurality of markers in the first coordinate system. A plurality of projection matrices of the second coordinate system may be determined based on the plurality of projection matrices of the first coordinate system and the transformation matrix.

An integrated quality assurance (QA phantom) for radiotherapy is provided that includes a cubic housing having a raised topology feature and laser alignment marks on an exterior surface of the cubic housing that is adjacent and perpendicular to the anterior surface, an extendable leg disposed on a edge of the housing, where the housing rests on a treatment couch surface when the leg is in the retracted state, and the housing rests on the treatment couch in a tilted position when the leg is in the deployed state, and a rotational stage disposed within the housing that includes at least one radiofrequency beacon, where the rotational stage includes a rotation actuator that is external to the cubic housing, where the invention enables verification of radiotherapy an optical surface monitoring system, a rotational verification of the radiotherapy optical surface monitoring system, and verification of a radiofrequency beacon tracking system.

A radiation phase contrast imaging device includes an X-ray source, an X-ray detector configured to detect radiated X-rays, a plurality of gratings, an image processor configured to generate a reconstructed image from an X-ray image acquired from the X-ray detector, a display, and a controller configured or programmed to perform control to display, on the display, the X-ray image before reconstruction and the reconstructed image generated by the image processor.

A location tracking system maps anatomical structures in a first coordinate system, in a fixed position within a medical imaging system, which captures 3D images in a second coordinate system. The 3D images are converted to and stored in a standardized format in a third coordinate system in accordance with a first coordinate transformation. A first 3D image captured by the imaging system is registered with the first coordinate system so as to produce a second coordinate transformation. The first and second coordinate transformations are combined so as to derive a third coordinate transformation between the first and third coordinate systems. A second 3D image of a body of a subject, captured by the imaging system, is processed in order to extract image features in the third coordinate system. The extracted image features are joined with location data captured by the location tracking system by applying the third coordinate transformation.

A system obtains multiple x-ray measurements corresponding to different breathing phases of the lung by determining, based on a volumetric measurement of the patient's breathing, a breathing phase of the patient and gating an x-ray imaging apparatus to produce an x-ray projection of the patient's lung when the breathing phase matched any of a plurality of different breathing phases. The system extracts multiple displacement fields of lung tissue from the multiple x-ray measurements corresponding to different breathing. Each displacement field represents movement of the lung tissue from a first breathing phase to a second breathing phase and each breathing phase has a corresponding set of biometric parameters. The system calculates one or more biophysical parameters of a biophysical model of the lung using the multiple displacement fields of the lung tissue between different breathing phases of the lung and the corresponding sets of biometric parameters.