Apparatuses, methods, and systems of hub communication with a satellite network or a terrestrial network are disclosed. One method includes detecting presence of the satellite network, detecting, by the hub, presence of a terrestrial network, selecting to connect to one of the satellite network or the terrestrial network based on a priority ruleset, estimating a propagation delay between the hub and a base station of the satellite network when the satellite network is selected, adjusting a timing offset between transmit and receive radio frames at the hub based on whether the satellite network or the terrestrial network is selected, and based at least on the propagation delay and a frame offset between uplink and downlink frames at base station, and communicating with the base station of the satellite network or a base station of the terrestrial network.

Some implementations describe a method including: receiving, by multiple receivers of multiple gateways of a ground receiver system, from multiple transmitters of a satellite over a downlink of a LoS MIMO feeder link, multiple RF signals; obtaining, at the ground receiver system, from the RF signals, preamble signals and pilot signals including first sequences of pilot symbols associated with second sequences of pilot symbols transmitted by the transmitters; estimating, based on the first sequences of pilot symbols and second sequences of pilot symbols, first channel state information (CSI) of the pilot signals; estimating, using the first CSI, frequency offsets and phase offsets of links between the receivers and the transmitters; adjusting, based at least on the frequency offsets and the phase offsets, the preamble signals to obtain adjusted preamble signals; and estimating, at the ground receiver system, using the adjusted preamble signals, second CSI of the downlink.

A device in a population of devices arranged at a celestial body for transmitting data to a relay station orbiting the celestial body. The relay station and the population of devices are to travel with respect to one another such that the relay station is to receive signals that include the data in data packages from the population of devices. The device includes trajectory data of the relay station, a transmitter to use the trajectory data so as to transmit a signal that is part of the signals, a data processor, and a computer program which, when executing on the data processor, is to calculate a Doppler shift based upon the trajectory data, and modify the signal to thereby compensate for the Doppler shift of the signal that results from the travelling of the relay station and the population of devices with respect to one another.

A satellite system may have a constellation of communications satellites in orbits such as highly inclined eccentric geosynchronous orbits and low earth orbits. Satellite terminals may be used to communicate with the satellite constellation. The satellite terminals may have control circuitry that dynamically adjusts phased antenna array circuitry to steer antenna beams towards one or more satellites. Multiple antenna beams may be steered in different directions simultaneously. A satellite terminal may be used in simultaneously transmitting and receiving data from different respective satellites and may be used in transmitting and receiving satellite signals in multiple satellite bands. The satellite terminal may have an outdoor unit that is coupled to an indoor unit over a digital communications path. The outdoor unit may include the phased antenna array circuitry and transceiver and modem circuitry, whereas the indoor unit may cache media and serve as a firewall, router, and wireless access point.

A method and system for improving link performance for a user terminal (UT) in a satellite network is disclosed. The method including: providing a first beam servicing a first service area that is adjacent a second service area serviced by a second beam; transmitting, from the first service area, a transmission via the first beam to a receiver via a satellite; beamforming the first beam and the second beam at the receiver; extracting the first beam and a remnant signal of the first beam from the second beam; and processing the first beam and the remnant signal to receive the transmission, wherein the remnant signal may include a portion of the transmission received by a second beam antenna of the satellite.

The present teachings include a method and computing apparatus for triggering synchronization of a satellite modem to a carrier frequency of a beam of a satellite, retrieving ephemeris information for the satellite and beam configuration information for the beam, calculating a velocity of the satellite per the ephemeris information, and adjusting the carrier frequency of the satellite modem when communicating via the beam to compensate for a doppler offset induced in the carrier frequency by the velocity. In the method, the satellite has a satellite type selected from a Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO), Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) or Low Earth Orbit (LEO) type of satellite, and the satellite type is different than a satellite type of an immediately preceding synchronization.

A communications system, e.g. an Internet-of-Things (IoT) communications system, includes satellite gateways in addition to terrestrial gateways. High QoS end point devices utilize communications via satellite gateway to be able to communicate with a network server when communications with the network server via terrestrial gateways are unavailable or unreliable. Low QoS end point devices may communicate with the network server via terrestrial gateways but are restricted from using the satellite gateways. An additional receive window, corresponding to the satellite gateway, is used for communicating downlink signals from the satellite gateway to the high QoS end point device.

Aspects of wireless communication are described, including a radiofrequency (RF) amplifier chip, configured for transmitting or receiving data, comprising a first substrate comprising a first material and a second substrate comprising a second material that is different from the first material. The first substrate and the second substrate may be lattice-matched such that an interface region between the first substrate and the second substrate exhibits an sp3 carbon peak at about 1332 cm.Math..sup.1 having a full width half maximum of no more than 5.0 cm.Math..sup.1 as measured by Raman spectroscopy. In some aspects, the first substrate and said second substrate permit said chip to transmit or receive data at a transfer rate of at least 500 megabits per second and a frequency of at least 8 GHz. In some aspects, the RF amplifier chip is part of a satellite transmitter.

Various solutions for beam utilization management in in non-terrestrial network (NTN) communications are described. An apparatus (e.g., a UE) obtains a duty cycle configuration with respect to a duty cycle of one or more beams of a set of beams of a cell in NTN communications. The apparatus then performs a task according to the duty cycle configuration.

A satellite telecommunication system for effecting communication between a network and remote systems via forward and return satellite links, the satellite telecommunication system comprising: a gateway configured for establishing the forward and return satellite links; wherein the gateway comprises a satellite hub configured for receiving outgoing data and for transmitting said outgoing data to at least one of the remote systems; wherein a first traffic controlling module of the satellite hub is configured for obtaining a first flow of the outgoing data such that said first flow follows a predetermined traffic profile; a virtual hub module configured for forwarding, from the network, the outgoing data to the satellite hub; wherein a second traffic controlling module of the virtual hub module is configured for obtaining a second flow of the outgoing data forwarded from the virtual hub module such that said second flow is unchanged by the first traffic controlling module. FIG. 1