The present disclosure relates, in part, to non-terrestrial communication systems, and in some embodiments to the integration of terrestrial and non-terrestrial communication systems. Non-terrestrial communication systems can provide a more flexible communication system with extended wireless coverage range and enhanced service quality compared to conventional communication systems.

An enhanced L-band Digital Aeronautical Communications System (LDACS) may include LDACS ground stations, and LDACS airborne stations. Each LDACS airborne station may be configured to communicate with the LDACS ground stations using at least one cellular network security feature. For example, the at least one cellular network security feature may include a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) security feature.

An Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) device may include a controller and a radio frequency (RF) transmitter coupled thereto and configured to transmit flight identification data, and transmit flight position data at a coarse accuracy and a fine accuracy. The RF transmitter may be configured to operate at a frequency within the L-band Digital Aeronautical Communications System (LDACS) frequency band. For example, the controller may be configured to encapsulate the flight identification data and flight position data within a message for an LDACS.

A satellite signal method includes: receiving a satellite signal at an apparatus; transmitting, from the apparatus, one or more outbound signals; and inhibiting processing, by the apparatus, of at least a first portion of the satellite signal spanning a first frequency set that includes at least a portion of an interference signal corresponding to transmission of the one or more outbound signals.

An enhanced L-band Digital Aeronautical Communications System (LDACS) may include LDACS ground stations, and LDACS airborne stations configured to communicate with the LDACS ground stations. Each LDACS airborne station may be configured to collect respective routing metrics, and each LDACS airborne station may be selectively operable as at least one of a host and client. The enhanced LDACS may also include a peer-to-peer server configured to establish a mesh network topology from the LDACS airborne stations based upon the routing metrics, and selectively operate each LDACS airborne station as at least one of the host and client.

Methods and apparatuses for communicating in a satellite communication framework with spatial diversity are described. In one embodiment, a method for controlling communication in a satellite communication network having multiple constellations and a satellite terminal with a single electronically steered flat-panel antenna capable of generating a plurality of beams for communication links with multiple satellites, comprises: determining, under network control, availability of a plurality of networks by which network traffic may be exchanged with the single electronically steered flat-panel antenna; and managing, under network control, two or more satellite links between the single electronically steered flat-panel antenna and two or more satellites of different networks to route the network traffic, including determining when to use each of the two or more satellite links, the two or more satellite links being generated using two or more beams from the single electronically steered flat-panel antenna.

The focus of the present disclosure relates to a secure global satellite network that securely transmits data from a ground station to one or more geosynchronous orbit satellites within a communicatively linked constellation of geosynchronous satellites. The communicatively linked constellation of geosynchronous satellites covers the entire planet, allowing access to users anywhere on the planet. The communicatively linked constellation of geosynchronous satellites also covers satellites in orbit above the planet, enabling any satellite to send or receive data through the communicatively linked constellation of geosynchronous satellites at any point in the satellite's orbit. The communicatively linked constellation of geosynchronous satellites functions as a communications backbone, enabling global communications coverage between any points on the earth, between any point on the earth and a satellite anywhere in its orbit, or between two satellites anywhere in their orbit.

An enhanced L-band Digital Aeronautical Communications System (LDACS) may include LDACS ground stations; and Alternate Positioning, Navigation and Timing (A-PNT) beacon transmitters positioned on the ground; and LDACS airborne stations. The LDACS airborne station may be configured to communicate with the LDACS ground stations, and determine A-PNT information based upon the plurality of A-PNT beacon transmitters.

An Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) device may include a controller and a radio frequency (RF) transmitter coupled thereto and configured to transmit flight identification data, and transmit flight position data at a coarse accuracy and a fine accuracy. The RF transmitter may be configured to operate at a frequency within the L-band Digital Aeronautical Communications System (LDACS) frequency band. For example, the controller may be configured to encapsulate the flight identification data and flight position data within a message for an LDACS.

An enhanced L-band Digital Aeronautical Communications System (LDACS) may include LDACS ground stations, and LDACS airborne stations configured to communicate with the LDACS ground stations. The enhanced LDACS may also include a Cloud-based network controller configured to allocate LDACS resources to the LDACS ground stations and the LDACS airborne stations based upon a number of LDACS airborne stations, respective flight paths of each LDACS airborne station, a respective type of each LDACS airborne station, and historical data on communication use for each LDACS airborne station.