Embodiments provide ground-based beamforming with mutually synchronized spatially multiplexed gateways in a wireless communications system. Some embodiments operate in context of a satellite having a focused-beam feeder antenna that communicates with multiple, geographically distributed gateway terminals (e.g., single gateway per beam), and a user antenna that provides communications with user terminals via formed user beams. The gateway terminals can communicate feeder signals that are beam-weighted and mutually phase-synchronized (e.g., according to satellite and/or loopback beacons). For example, the synchronization can enable forward uplink signals to be phase-synchronously received by the satellite, and the beam weighting can enable the forward downlink signals to spatially combine to form forward user beams. Embodiments can achieve extensive bandwidth reuse through mutually synchronized spatial multiplexing of the feeder-link communications.

Methods and transceivers transmit communication frames that comprise a sequence of N symbols, ensuing payload header symbols, and ensuing payload message symbols. The sequence of N symbols encodes information according to signal-to-noise ratio associated with the communication frame.

Disclosed are devices, systems, apparatuses, methods, products, and other implementations of GNSS repeater systems and methods for improving phase and frequency alignment of RF signals transported through fiber optic communication channels. Acquired RF signals are processed at a remote outdoor unit, where they are digitized, formatted into a CPRI frame, and timestamped. The timestamped CPRI frame is then transported over a fiber optic communication channel to an indoor head end unit. The indoor head end unit extracts timestamp and digitized RF signal from the CPRI frame. The timestamp is then used to synchronize a base transceiver station (BTS) and a precision time protocol (PTP) grand master with the remote outdoor unit.

Various embodiments provide a relay transmission method, where a first node is a parent node of a second node. In those embodiments, a request message from the first node can be received by the second node, where the request message is configured to request the second node to become a parent node of the first node. Still in those embodiments, indication information can be sent, by the second node, to the first node, where the indication information is used to indicate that a downlink beam sent from the second node to the first node after the second node becomes the parent node is the same as or similar to an uplink beam sent from the second node to the first node when the first node is the parent node. The indication information may be carried in a response message for the request message.

A system comprises a modulator, a time synchronization system, a satellite gateway computer, and a traffic gateway. The modulator is configured to transmit a first and a second carrier on a feeder uplink frequency to a beam-hopping-capable satellite according to a time schedule. The timing synchronization system is configured to synchronize a satellite gateway computer, the modulator, and the beam hopping capable satellite, based on the transmit time schedule and a propagation delay. The satellite gateway computer is programmed to determine transmit time schedule for the modulator, format and relay packets destined to the first and second downlink beam to the modulator to be transmitted on the first and second carrier during the first and second dwell time slot.

A method for correcting an error in the generation of a frequency by a frequency synthesizer of a terminal of a terrestrial wireless communication system. A query message is transmitted by the terminal. Error in the generation of the frequency of the query message is estimated by an access network as a function of a theoretical transmission frequency of the query message by the terminal and an actual frequency of reception of the query message by the access network. A response message comprising an item of correction information is transmitted by the access network. A frequency of reception by the terminal of a broadcast signal transmitted by the access network is generated by the frequency synthesizer of the terminal and as a function of the item of correction information received by the access network.

Embodiments provide ground-based beamforming with mutually synchronized spatially multiplexed gateways in a wireless communications system. Some embodiments operate in context of a satellite having a focused-beam feeder antenna that communicates with multiple, geographically distributed gateway terminals (e.g., single gateway per beam), and a user antenna that provides communications with user terminals via formed user beams. The gateway terminals can communicate feeder signals that are beam-weighted and mutually phase-synchronized (e.g., according to satellite and/or loopback beacons). For example, the synchronization can enable forward uplink signals to be phase-synchronously received by the satellite, and the beam weighting can enable the forward downlink signals to spatially combine to form forward user beams. Embodiments can achieve extensive bandwidth reuse through mutually synchronized spatial multiplexing of the feeder-link communications.

A method for transmitting data from a population of devices to a relay station travelling with respect to one another. For transmitting the data to the relay station, each device includes at least one transmission slot resulting from a channel access method and a transmission window within which the relay station is to travel. The relay station is to broadcast an instruction to the population of devices before the data transmission, and, upon receiving the instruction, at least part of the population of devices is to set a modified transmission slot.

According to the present invention, a user equipment (UE) calculates its paging occasion based on a specific beam to monitor paging. In detail, the UE selects at least one beam among multiple beams, calculates a paging occasion consisting of the at least one beam, and monitors a paging in the paging occasion. When the paging occasion consists of the multiple beams including the at least one beam, the paging may be monitored in a part of the paging occasion where the at least one beam is transmitted. Alternatively, when the paging occasion only consists of the at least one beam, the paging may be monitored in all of the paging occasion where the at least one beam is transmitted.

A multiple-access transceiver handles communications with mobile stations in environments that exceed mobile station design assumptions without necessarily requiring modifications to the mobile stations. One such environment is in Earth orbit. The multiple-access transceiver is adapted to close communications with mobile stations while exceeding mobile station design assumptions, such as greater distance, greater relative motion and/or other conditions commonly found where functionality of a terrestrial transceiver is to be performed by an orbital transceiver. The orbital transceiver might include a data parser that parses a frame data structure, a signal timing module that adjusts timing based on orbit to terrestrial propagation delays, frequency shifters and a programmable radio capable of communicating from the Earth orbit that uses a multiple-access protocol such that the communication is compatible with, or appears to the terrestrial mobile station to be, communication between a terrestrial cellular base station and the terrestrial mobile station.