An architecture for peripheral component interconnect express compliant signals over optical fiber is provided. A method includes, based on a first determination that an impedance level of a receiver device satisfies a defined impedance level, causing a driver to pulse at a first defined frequency and duty cycle level. Further, based on a second determination that a number of pulses received, at a transimpedance amplifier, at the first defined frequency and duty cycle level satisfy a defined number of pulses and at least one defined criterion, the method causes a second impedance level of the driver to match the defined impedance level and causes the driver to enter an electrical idle state. The method also includes facilitating, by a transmitter, transmission of data to the receiver device at a second defined frequency level, via an optical fiber link.

A high data rate, high sensitivity, low power optical link using low-bandwidth components and low-bandwidth E/O drivers and receivers and method of building same. The method is based on the idea of making the optical part of the link look like a bandwidth limited lossy electrical channel, so that the powerful equalization methods used in the wireline electrical links can be applied to recover the transmitted data in a situation with low bandwidth and/or high loss and strong inter-symbol interference. Linear and non-linear optical channel components, E/O drivers and receivers can benefit from the apparatus and the methods of the invention.

A receiver (e.g., for a 10G fiber communications link) includes an interleaved ADC coupled to a multi-channel equalizer that can provide different equalization for different ADC channels within the interleaved ADC. That is, the multi-channel equalizer can compensate for channel-dependent impairments. In one approach, the multi-channel equalizer is a feedforward equalizer (FFE) coupled to a Viterbi decoder, for example a sliding block Viterbi decoder (SBVD); and the FFE and/or the channel estimator for the Viterbi decoder are adapted using the LMS algorithm.

A method for coherent optical transmission and reception and an apparatus thereof are proposed. The method for operating the apparatus for the coherent optical transmission and reception includes controlling output optical frequencies with a first frequency and a second frequency, generating analog signals respectively corresponding to the first frequency and the second frequency, obtaining beating signals for the analog signals, generating signal diagrams of relationships between a first signal and a second signal on the basis of the beating signals, determining phase differences between the first signal and the second signal on the basis of the signal diagrams, and determining skew values for the first signal and the second signal on the basis of the phase differences.

A high data rate, high sensitivity, low power optical link using low-bandwidth components and low-bandwidth E/O drivers and receivers and method of building same. The method is based on the idea of making the optical part of the link look like a bandwidth limited lossy electrical channel, so that the powerful equalization methods used in the wireline electrical links can be applied to recover the transmitted data in a situation with low bandwidth and/or high loss and strong inter-symbol interference. Linear and non-linear optical channel components, E/O drivers and receivers can benefit from the apparatus and the methods of the invention.

A high data rate, high sensitivity, low power optical link using low-bandwidth components and low-bandwidth E/O drivers and receivers and method of building same. The method is based on the idea of making the optical part of the link look like a bandwidth limited lossy electrical channel, so that the powerful equalization methods used in the wireline electrical links can be applied to recover the transmitted data in a situation with low bandwidth and/or high loss and strong inter-symbol interference. Linear and non-linear optical channel components, E/O drivers and receivers can benefit from the apparatus and the methods of the invention.

An architecture for peripheral component interconnect express compliant signals over optical fiber is provided. A method includes, based on a first determination that an impedance level of a receiver device satisfies a defined impedance level, causing a driver to pulse at a first defined frequency and duty cycle level. Further, based on a second determination that a number of pulses received, at a transimpedance amplifier, at the first defined frequency and duty cycle level satisfy a defined number of pulses and at least one defined criterion, the method causes a second impedance level of the driver to match the defined impedance level and causes the driver to enter an electrical idle state. The method also includes facilitating, by a transmitter, transmission of data to the receiver device at a second defined frequency level, via an optical fiber link.

A subscriber device in an optical communication system including a subscriber device, a user device connected to the subscriber device, an optical switch that relays an optical signal transmitted from the subscriber device to a destination device, a wavelength control unit that allocates a wavelength to the subscriber device, and an optical switch control unit that controls the optical switch such that the optical signal transmitted from the subscriber device is output to another port connected to a transmission line corresponding to a transfer destination on a path to the destination device. The subscriber device includes a wavelength monitoring unit that monitors a wavelength of the optical signal transmitted from the user device and a transceiver that transmits and receives the optical signal to and from another device. The wavelength monitoring unit instructs the user device to use an appropriate wavelength when the wavelength of the optical signal transmitted from the user device is different from the wavelength allocated by the wavelength control unit. When the wavelength of the optical signal transmitted from the user device is identical to the wavelength allocated by the wavelength control unit, the subscriber device transmits the optical signal through the optical switch.