Provided are a method and device for mapping and demapping of data. The method comprises: an OTUCnAG comprising an ODUCn with a rate of n*100 gigabits per second to which is added an OTU overhead, is divided according to a byte-interleaving scheme into multiple OTUCmTG; the OTUCmTG respectively are each mapped to a corresponding OCh, and data in the OCh is born on continuous frequency slots for transmission, wherein the rate of the OTUCnAG is n*100 gigabits per second, the rate of the OTUCmTG is m*100 gigabits per second, both m and n are positive integers, and m less than or equal to n. The disclosure increases optical fibre spectrum utilization efficiency and system flexibility and compatibility.

A data center network includes a plurality of packet-optical switches each at a location in the data center network and each including a switch fabric comprising both a Layer 1 fabric and a packet fabric communicatively coupled to one or more line ports; wherein the plurality of packet-optical switches are communicatively coupled to one another in a topology to form data connectivity in the data center network, and wherein each of the plurality of packet-optical switches is configured to provide the data connectivity through the Layer 1 switch bypassing the packet fabric when the location does not require Layer 2 forwarding in the topology, and provide the data connectivity through the Layer 1 switch and using the packet fabric to provide the data service with multi-point connectivity when the location requires Layer 2 forwarding in the topology.

A high capacity node includes a plurality of transceivers each with a transmitter configured to support a wavelength within a full transparent window of one or more optical fibers; and one or more optical amplifiers covering the full transparent window, wherein the one or more optical amplifiers comprise one of (i) a single ultra-wideband amplifier covering the full transparent window and (ii) a plurality of amplifiers each supporting a different band of the full transparent window.

A system and method for performing an in-service optical time domain reflectometry test, an in-service insertion loss test, and an in-service optical frequency domain reflectometry test using a same wavelength as the network communications for point-to-point or point-to-multipoint optical fiber networks while maintaining continuity of network communications are disclosed.

A method for measuring asymmetry in propagation delay of first and second links which connect a first node to a second node of a communication network. The method comprises measuring (101) a round trip delay of the first link. The round trip delay can be measured by transmitting (102) a test signal from the first node to the second node over the first link and receiving a reply to the test signal from the second node over the first link. The method further comprises measuring (105) a round trip delay of the second link. The round trip delay can be measured by transmitting (106) a test signal to the second node over the second link and receiving a reply to the test signal from the second node over the second link. A difference in the propagation delay of the first link with respect to the second link is determined (109) using the measured round trip delays of the first link and the second link.

A method of transporting a client signal across an optical transport network (OTN) comprises dividing a received client signal into a plurality of parallel signals at a lower bit rate. The parallel signals are mapped into a respective number of optical data units (ODUs), each ODU having payload bytes and overhead bytes. Each ODU is mapped into a respective optical transport unit (OTUs) having payload bytes and overhead bytes. The OTUs are transmitted across respective optical carriers. Optical channel control information is inserted into the overhead bytes of the ODU and/or OTU. The optical channel control information is used to request a change in the optical carriers used to transport the client signal.

A method for bandwidth map update includes: after receiving a bandwidth report carried by a control frame, a master node newly establishing a bandwidth map, newly establishing a resource state table, and setting all resource states in the newly established resource state table to be available; adding a cross-master node transport channel drop allocation structure of the newly established bandwidth map in accordance with a cross-master node transport channel add allocation structure of a bandwidth map to be updated, and updating the resource state table; according to the bandwidth report carried by the control frame, allocating a wavelength and an optical burst timeslot one by one to a current bandwidth request, adding wavelengths and optical burst timeslots to the newly established bandwidth map, generating a new bandwidth map, and updating the resource state table; and distributing the control frame carrying the new bandwidth map to slave nodes hop by hop.

A system and method for performing an in-service optical time domain reflectometry test, an in-service insertion loss test, and an in-service optical frequency domain reflectometry test using a same wavelength as the network communications for point-to-point or point-to-multipoint optical fiber networks while maintaining continuity of network communications are disclosed.

An apparatus in a passive optical network (PON) is configured to modify a preamble of a data packet to include channel bonding information. The apparatus may further fragment the data packet into a plurality of data frames and transmit the fragmented data frames through multiple channels. The channel bonding information may be used to identify different channels and to identify data frames transmitted through each channel.

A node for a communications network has a converter for digitizing at a receiver clock rate a received optical signal received over an optical link from an optical transmitter at a source node, a framer for detecting frames and a forward error correction part for correcting errors in the payload of the frame. An error rate in the received payload part is monitored and a processor sends, according to the monitored error rate, a request to the optical transmitter to adapt a length of the transmitted forward error correction part and to adapt a clock rate of the transmission of the frame if FEC length is reduced or FEC is disabled. This can enable power saving, when less FEC information is being sent.