Method and apparatus of an optical routing system (ORS) capable of automatically discovering intra-nodal fiber connections using a test channel transceiver (TCT) are disclosed. ORS, in one embodiment, includes a set of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) modules, intra-nodal fiber connections, add-drop modules, and a test module. The ROADM modules are able to transmit or receive optical signals via optical fibers. The intra-nodal fiber connections are configured to provide optical connections. The add-drop modules are able to selectively make connections between input ports and output ports. The test module containing TCT is configured to identify at least a portion of intra-nodal connections of the ROADM via a test signal operating with a unique optical frequency.

An undersea fiber optic cable routing architecture including a branching unit coupled to three trunk cables capable of switching individual fibers in each fiber pair within a cable to either of the other two cables. The branching unit comprises a plurality of optical switches and a controller for receiving remote command signals and configuring the optical switches in accordance with the remote command signals.

An optical circuit switching matrix includes a plurality of optical ports, each optical port being optically coupled to a respective one of a plurality of user nodes and an optical coupler having at least one input port optically coupled to the plurality of optical ports, and an output port. The optical circuit switching matrix also includes a wavelength demultiplexer having an input optically coupled to the output port of the optical coupler, and a plurality of output ports, each output port being optically coupled to a respective one of the plurality of optical ports.

Systems and methods are in a node in a network utilizing a control plane for triggering mesh restoration due to intra-node faults, and include monitoring at least one channel at a degree at a plurality of degrees associated with the node; detecting a fault on the at least one channel, wherein the fault is an intra-node fault upstream of the degree; and transmitting a channel fault indicator downstream of the fault to at least one downstream node along a path of the faulted channel, wherein restoration is triggered based on the channel fault indicator.

An optical transmission apparatus includes a splitter configured to split a first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal arranged in a first wavelength band and a second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal arranged in a second wavelength band, respectively, from an optical signal including the first wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and the second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal, a wavelength converter configured to convert a wavelength of the split second wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to generate a third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to be arranged in the first wavelength band, an optical monitor configured to monitor power of each wavelength channel of the third wavelength division multiplexed optical signal, and a transmitter configured to transmit a monitoring result by the optical monitor to a transmission source node of the optical signal or a relay node of the optical signal.

An optical transmission device includes: a first optical amplifier, a WSS (wavelength selective switch), a second optical amplifier and a controller. The first optical amplifier amplifies a received WDM (wavelength division multiplexed) optical signal. The WSS controls optical powers of respective channels multiplexed in the WDM optical signal that is amplified by the first optical amplifier. The second optical amplifier amplifies the WDM optical signal output from the WSS. The controller controls a gain of the first optical amplifier based on initial setting information. The controller corrects the gain of the first optical amplifier such that an average optical power of a plurality of channels multiplexed in the WDM optical signal that is amplified by the first optical amplifier approaches a target level after a specified period of time has elapsed from when the gain of the first optical amplifier is controlled based on the initial setting information.

An apparatus includes a memory and a processor operatively coupled to the memory. The processor is configured to partition a set of ports of an optical multiplexer into a set of port groups including a first port group having a first set of ports and a second port group having a second set of ports mutually exclusive from the first set of ports. The processor is configured to associate the first port group with a first router and associate the second port group with a second router. When the optical multiplexer is operatively coupled to the first router and the second router, the first router is operatively coupled to the optical multiplexer via the first set of ports and not the second set of ports, and the second router is operatively coupled to the optical multiplexer via the second set of ports and not the first set of ports.

A system and method for performing an in-service optical time domain reflectometry test, an in-service insertion loss test, and an in-service optical frequency domain reflectometry test using a same wavelength as the network communications for point-to-point or point-to-multipoint optical fiber networks while maintaining continuity of network communications are disclosed.

Data center interconnections, which encompass WSCs as well as traditional data centers, have become both a bottleneck and a cost/power issue for cloud computing providers, cloud service providers and the users of the cloud generally. Fiber optic technologies already play critical roles in data center operations and will increasingly in the future. The goal is to move data as fast as possible with the lowest latency with the lowest cost and the smallest space consumption on the server blade and throughout the network. Accordingly, it would be beneficial for new fiber optic interconnection architectures to address the traditional hierarchal time-division multiplexed (TDM) routing and interconnection and provide reduced latency, increased flexibility, lower cost, lower power consumption, and provide interconnections exploiting NMD Gbps photonic interconnects wherein N channels are provided each carrying M wavelength division signals at D Gbps.

Embodiments include methods and apparatuses for providing at least one signaling indication of a super-channel by a power controller in a Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) system. The power controller may receive a service provisioning and a lock state from a network management entity. The power controller may receive, from an optical fabric unit, a fabric state that indicates whether a pass-band of the super-channel is provisioned. The power controller may receive the power level of the super-channel from a power monitoring unit. Based on the power level and attenuation level of the super-channel, the power controller may determine a ramp state that indicates whether the power level reached to a predetermined power. The power controller may determine an alarm state based on the power level. The power controller may determine the signaling indication based on the service provisioning, lock, fabric, ramp, and alarm states.