Provided is a wireless communication terminal that communicates wirelessly. The terminal includes: a transceiver; and a processor. The processor is configured to receive a Downlink Multi-User (DL MU) PPDU including information for an Uplink Multi-User (UL MU) transmission from a base wireless communication terminal by using the transceiver, and transmit the UL MU PPDU to the base wireless communication terminal based on the information for UL MU transmission.

All data symbols used in data transmission of a modulated signal are precoded by switching between precoding matrices so that the precoding matrix used to precode each data symbol and the precoding matrices used to precode data symbols that are adjacent to the data symbol along the frequency axis and the time axis all differ. A modulated signal with such data symbols arranged therein is transmitted.

The embodiments of the application provide feedback information sending or receiving methods, devices and a system, and relate to the field of communication. The method includes that: a first bit length is determined, the first bit length being a number of bits for representing Transport Block (TB)-level feedback response information; a second bit length is determined, the second bit length being a number of bits for representing target TB indication information; feedback information is generated according to the first bit length and the second bit length, the feedback information including the TB-level feedback response information, the target TB indication information and code block group-level feedback response information; and the feedback information is sent.

Technologies for performing encoding of data symbols for column read operations include a device having a memory that is column addressable and circuitry connected to the memory. The circuitry is configured to obtain a data set to encode. The data set is defined by a set of data symbols. The circuitry is also configured to determine a set of codewords to encode the data symbols of the data set, including defining each codeword with a set bit distance of at least two from every other codeword in the set of codewords. Additionally, the circuitry is configured to write the data set to the memory as a function of the determined set of codewords.

An Acknowledgment (ACK) method is provided by a receiving device in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). The receiving device receives a plurality of data units having a plurality of Traffic Identifiers (TIDs) and transmits an ACK frame including a plurality of ACK information fields for at least part of the plurality of data units. An ACK information field for a data unit satisfying a first condition among the plurality of ACK information fields includes a Traffic Identifier (TID) and a block ACK bitmap indicating whether the data unit has been successfully received. An ACK information field for a data unit satisfying a second condition and having been successfully received among the plurality of ACK information fields includes the first TID and does not include a block ACK bitmap.

For example, an EDMG STA may generate an LDPC coded bit stream for a user based on data bits for the user in an EDMG PPDU, the LDPC coded bit stream for the user including a concatenation of a plurality of LDPC codewords, a count of the plurality of LDPC codewords is based at least on a codeword length for the user and on a code rate for the user; generate encoded and padded bits for the user by concatenating the LDPC coded bit stream with a plurality of coded pad zero bits, a count of the coded pad zero bits is based at least on a count of one or more spatial streams for the user and on the count of the plurality of LDPC codewords for the user; and distribute the encoded and padded bits for the user to the one or more spatial streams for the user.

An iterative receiver is proposed for receiving in a cell a signal and for providing information carried on the signal by execution of at least one processing iteration. The receiver includes an estimate assembly for receiving the signal and providing, at each one of the processing iterations, a respective information estimate; a regeneration assembly for receiving, at each processing iteration, the information estimate provided by the estimate assembly at that iteration, and for providing a regenerated signal therefrom based on the information estimate and on attenuation of radio channels over which the signal has been transmitted; an interference estimate unit for providing, at each iteration, an interference estimate based on the signal and the regenerated signal, the estimate assembly providing, starting from a second processing iteration of the processing iterations, the information estimate based on the interference estimate; and an extraction unit for extracting the information from the information estimate.

Advanced detectors for vector signaling codes are disclosed which utilize multi-input comparators, generalized on-level slicing, reference generation based on maximum swing, and reference generation based on recent values. Vector signaling codes communicate information as groups of symbols which, when transmitted over multiple communications channels, may be received as mixed sets of symbols from different transmission groups due to propagation time variations between channels. Systems and methods are disclosed which compensate receivers and transmitters for these effects and/or utilize codes having increased immunity to such variations, and circuits are described that efficiently implement their component functions.

A decoder for determining an estimate of a vector of information symbols carried by optical signals propagating along a multi-core fiber in an optical fiber transmission channel according to two or more cores is provided. The decoder is implemented in an optical receiver. The optical signals are encoded using a space-time coding scheme and/or scrambled by at least one scrambling device arranged in the optical fiber transmission channel according to a predefined scrambling function. The decoder comprises a processing unit configured to adaptively: determine, in response to a temporal condition, one or more channel quality indicators from the optical signals; determine a decoding algorithm according to a target quality of service metric and on the one or more channel quality indicators; update the predefined scrambling function and/or the space-time coding scheme depending on the target quality of service metric and on the one or more channel quality indicators. The decoder further comprises a symbol estimation unit configured to determine an estimate of a vector of information symbols by applying the decoding algorithm to the optical signals.

A simple block coding arrangement is created with symbols transmitted over a plurality of transmit channels, in connection with coding that comprises only simple arithmetic operations, such as negation and conjugation. The diversity created by the transmitter utilizes space diversity and either time or frequency diversity. Space diversity is effected by redundantly transmitting over a plurality of antennas, time diversity is effected by redundantly transmitting at different times, and frequency diversity is effected by redundantly transmitting at different frequencies: Illustratively, using two transmit antennas and a single receive antenna, one of the disclosed embodiments provides the same diversity gain as the maximal-ratio receiver combining (MRRC) scheme with one transmit antenna and two receive antennas. The principles of this invention are applicable to arrangements with more than two antennas, and an illustrative embodiment is disclosed using the same space block code with two transmit and two receive antennas.