A frame processing method and apparatus are provided, to implement selective receiving in a redundant transmission scenario. The method includes: A destination device receives a first Ethernet frame from a first intermediate node through a first interface, where the first Ethernet frame includes a first time point, and the first time point is a processing time point of the first Ethernet frame on the first intermediate node. The destination device receives a second Ethernet frame from a second intermediate node through a second interface, where the second Ethernet frame includes a second time point, and the second time point is a processing time point of the second Ethernet frame on the second intermediate node. The destination device determines, based on the first time point and the second time point, whether the second Ethernet frame is a duplicate frame of the first Ethernet frame.

A data processing system includes a host system and one or more expansion devices coupled to the host system over a bus. The host system may include one or more processors and a memory storing instructions, which when executed, cause the processors to perform autonomous driving operations to drive an autonomous driving vehicle (ADV). Each expansion device includes a switch device and one or more processing modules coupled to the switch device. Each processing module can be configured to perform at least one of the autonomous driving operations offloaded from the host system. At least one of the processing modules can be configured as a client node to perform an action in response to an instruction received from the host system. Alternatively, it can be configured as a host node to distribute a task to another client node within the expansion device. This host node in the expansion device can further cooperate with the host system via a host-to-host connection.

A fault-tolerant command and control system including a plurality of flight devices, a plurality of flight computers, a distribution network including a plurality of switches and cables connecting the plurality of flight devices to the plurality of flight computers, and a power source connected to the distribution network.

A communication system (50) according to the present invention includes a first communication device (10) that functions as a main device, and a second communication device (20) that functions as a backup device for the first communication device (10). A second functional unit of the second communication device (20) transmits a response request to a first functional unit of the first communication device (10), and transmits a transfer-destination switching request to the first communication device (10) if a response to the response request has not been received from the first functional unit. If a first transfer unit receives the transfer-destination switching request from the second functional unit, the first transfer unit switches a transfer destination of packets that should be processed by the second functional unit from the first functional unit to the second functional unit.

A communication system (50) according to the present invention includes a first communication device (10) that functions as a main device, and a second communication device (20) that functions as a backup device for the first communication device (10). A second functional unit of the second communication device (20) transmits a response request to a first functional unit of the first communication device (10), and transmits a transfer-destination switching request to the first communication device (10) if a response to the response request has not been received from the first functional unit. If a first transfer unit receives the transfer-destination switching request from the second functional unit, the first transfer unit switches a transfer destination of packets that should be processed by the second functional unit from the first functional unit to the second functional unit.

According to an aspect, there is provided an elevator communication system. The system comprises an elevator controller, a multi-drop ethernet bus segment reachable by the elevator controller, and a plurality of elevator system nodes connected to the at least one multi-drop ethernet bus segment configured to communicate via the multi-drop ethernet bus, wherein the elevator controller is reachable by the elevator system nodes via the multi-drop ethernet bus segment.

A hybrid bus communication circuit is provided. The hybrid bus communication circuit includes at least two different types of communication buses. The hybrid bus communication circuit also includes a hybrid bridge circuit and several multi-bus slave circuits each coupled to the two different types of communication buses. In a non-limiting example, each of the multi-bus slave circuits may communicate timing critical information via a first type communication bus and non-timing critical information via a second type communication bus. The hybrid bridge circuit is configured to receive a configuration command via the first type communication bus and, accordingly, configure a configuration parameter(s) in any of the multi-bus slave circuits via the second type communication bus. As such, it is possible to make time constrained configuration changes in any of the multi-bus slave circuits without interfering with the timing critical communication conducted via the first type communication bus.

Systems and methods for a controller area network braided ring are provided. In certain embodiments, a node within a controller area network braided ring includes a controller area network (CAN) controller that transmits and receives CAN messages according to CAN protocol. The node also includes braided ring availability integrity network (BRAIN) circuitry coupled to the CAN controller, wherein the BRAIN circuitry alters the received CAN messages from the CAN controller for transmission to other nodes within a BRAIN network and alters BRAIN messages received from the other nodes into CAN messages for processing by the CAN controller.

According to an aspect, there is provided an elevator communication system. The system includes an elevator controller, a first ethernet bus portion connected to a first port of the elevator controller, a second ethernet bus portion connected to a second port of the elevator controller, and at least one elevator system node communicatively connected to the elevator controller via the first ethernet bus portion and the second ethernet bus portion.

An elevator communication system includes a first elevator controller, a second elevator controller communicatively connected to the first elevator controller, a first ethernet bus portion connected to the first elevator controller, a second ethernet bus portion connected to the second elevator controller, and at least one elevator system node communicatively connected to the first elevator controller via the first ethernet bus portion and to the second elevator controller via the second ethernet bus portion.