A system and method is disclosed for controlling the performance of a pneumatically sealed trocar, wherein the system includes a controller for delivering variable DC voltage to a DC motor, a DC motor operatively connected to the controller for driving a pump operatively connected to a pneumatically sealed trocar, a pump driven by the DC motor for circulating pressurized gas through the pneumatically sealed trocar, and a sensor for sensing pressure and flow parameters between the pump and the pneumatically sealed trocar to provide a feedback control signal to the controller so that the controller can vary the voltage delivered to the DC motor to affect the output pressure and flow of the pump during a laparoscopic surgical procedure.

A laser can produce pulses of light energy to eject a volume of the tissue, and the energy can be delivered to a treatment site through a waveguide, such as a fiber optic waveguide. The incident laser energy can be absorbed within a volume of the target tissue with a tissue penetration depth and pulse direction such that the propagation of the energy from the tissue volume is inhibited and such that the target tissue within the volume reaches the spinodal threshold of decomposition and ejects the volume, for example without substantial damage to tissue adjacent the ejected volume.

An ultrasonic element comprises an ultrasonic transducer and a head or blade. The ultrasonic transducer is operable to convert electrical power into ultrasonic vibrations. The head or blade is in acoustic communication with the ultrasonic transducer such that the ultrasonic transducer is operable to drive the ultrasonic blade to vibrate ultrasonically. The head or blade has a curved distal face. The curved distal face defines a proximally extending concave curve. The transducer and head or blade may be driven using a control logic that is configured to cause the ultrasonic transducer to generate a first vibration set followed by a second vibration set. The first vibration set is configured to generate microbubbles in a fluid. The second vibration set is configured to grow microbubbles generated by the first vibration set. The control logic may provide a pause between the first vibration set and the second vibration set.

Embodiments of systems and methods for medical treatment using a series of pulsed lasers are disclosed. In an example, a system for medical treatment includes a laser source, an optical module, and a controller coupled to the optical module. The laser source is configured to generate a series of pulsed lasers. The optical module is configured to provide a series of focused laser spots on a patient based on the series of pulsed lasers. The controller is configured to control the at least one of the optical module and a stage for holding the patient to move the series of focused laser spots on the patient to form a scan pattern.

Methods and devices are disclosed to reduce tissue trauma when a physician retracts a patient's tissues for surgery. A device includes a tissue engager adapted to engage a patient's tissue, a control system adapted to control the tissue engager to deform the patient's tissue, and a sensor adapted to produce a first signal based on a status of the tissue engager. The control system is operatively associated with a motive source and the sensor. The control system is configured to receive the first signal based on the status of the at least one tissue engager, and control, in light of the first signal based on the status of the at least one tissue engager, the at least one motive source in order to control the motion of the at least one tissue engager. The motion of the at least one tissue engager may be an oscillating motion.

Described herein are methods of electroporation that can include the steps of contacting a cell that is responsive to an EphA2 receptor ligand with an amount of an EphA2 receptor ligand and applying high-frequency irreversible electroporation to the cell. Also described herein are methods of treating cancer in a subject in need thereof, wherein the methods can include the steps of administering an amount of an EphA2 receptor ligand and applying high-frequency irreversible electroporation to a location on or within the subject.

A system for vision rehabilitation therapy includes a controller, a laser generator for generating a laser beam with a cyclic frequency-varying laser pulse train having a frequency range of 10 Hz35 Hz, and a light spot regulating device for forming a light spot with a diameter of about 20 mm and a laser power density of less than 1.5 mW/cm.sup.2. A blade is disposed in front of the laser generator and shaped to block or unblock the laser beam as the blade rotates. A speed regulating motor is provided to regulate rotation speed of the blade through a drive circuit. A pair of virtual reality three-dimensional glasses is provided to generate a virtual reality three-dimensional green scenery, and a massage device is provided to massage acupoints around the eyes and on the head of a user.

Embodiments relate to circuitry to provide amplitude modulated waveforms in electrosurgical devices. The circuitry can be included in an electrosurgical generator device to provide the amplitude modulated waveforms to an electrosurgical probe coupled with the electrosurgical generator device.

A surgical laser system (100) includes a first laser source (140A), a second laser source (140B), a beam combiner (142) and a laser probe (108). The first laser source is configured to output a first laser pulse train (144, 104A) comprising first laser pulses (146). The second laser source is configured to output a second laser pulse train (148, 104B) comprising second laser pulses (150). The beam combiner is configured to combine the first and second laser pulse trains and output a combined laser pulse train (152, 104) comprising the first and second laser pulses. The laser probe is optically coupled to an output of the beam combiner and is configured to discharge the combined laser pulse train.

In some embodiments, a surgical laser system includes a laser generator (102), a laser probe (108), a stone analyzer (170), and a controller (122). The laser generator is configured to generate laser energy (104) based on laser energy settings (126). The laser probe is configured to discharge the laser energy. The stone analyzer has an output relating to a characteristic of a targeted stone (120). The controller comprises at least one processor configured to determine the laser energy settings based on the output.

In some embodiments of a method of fragmenting a targeted kidney or bladder stone, a first laser pulse train (144) comprising first laser pulses (146) is generated using a first laser source (140A). A second laser pulse train (148) comprising second laser pulses (150) is generated using a second laser source (140B). The first and second laser pulse trains are combined into a combined laser pulse train (152) comprising the first and second laser pulses. The stone is exposed to the combined laser pulse train using a laser probe (108). The stone is fragmented in response to exposing the stone to the combined laser pulse train.

In some embodiments of a method of fragmenting a targeted kidney or bladder stone, an output relating to a characteristic of the targeted stone (120) is generated using a stone analyzer (170). Embodiments of the characteristic include an estimated size of the stone, an estimated length of the stone, an estimated composition of the stone, and a vibration frequency measurement of the stone. Laser energy settings (126) are generated based on the output. Laser energy (104) is generated using a laser generator in accordance with the laser energy settings.

Retrieval of material from vessel lumens can be improved by electrically enhancing attachment of the material to the thrombectomy system. The system can include a catheter having a distal portion configured to be positioned adjacent to a thrombus in a blood vessel, an electrode disposed at the distal portion of the catheter, and an interventional element configured to be delivered through a lumen of the catheter. The electrode and the interventional element are each configured to be electrically coupled to an extracorporeal power supply.