A spinal construct includes a first member having a first thread form and an implant cavity configured for disposal of the spinal implant. A second member is engageable with a spinal implant and includes a second thread form configured for engagement with the first thread form. A gauge is coupled to the second member. The gauge is configured to measure a force between the second member and the spinal implant when the second member is engaged with the first member. The second thread form is timed with the first thread form to position the gauge in a selected orientation relative to the spinal implant. Systems and methods are disclosed.

The present invention provides a semiconductor device capable of detecting illegal data in secret data communications. A semiconductor device that transmits and receives data includes a specific bit extraction block that extracts first data from transmission data in accordance with a first rule, another specific bit extraction block that extracts second data from reception data in accordance with a second rule, and a bit pattern accumulation buffer that accumulates the first data and the second data. A scramble pattern used when scrambling the transmission data is generated by a combination of the first data and the second data accumulated in the bit pattern accumulation buffer.

Systems and methods for timing over a Metro Transport Networking (MTN) path include detecting a specific block in a stream of blocks, wherein each block is encoded based on a line code, and sampling an output of a clock to determine a timestamp reference based on detection of the specific block, and transmitting timing information based on the timestamp reference. The specific block can be a control block. The timing information can be transmitted via a Precision Time Protocol (PTP) message. The timing information can be transmitted via a plurality of subsequent specific blocks.

This application provides a data stream processing method and a network element device. The method includes: obtaining, by a first network element device, a first data stream, where the first data stream includes a first data unit and a first data padding unit; and adjusting, by the first network element device, a quantity of second data padding units in the first data stream, where a relative position of the first data unit and the first data padding unit in the first data stream is the same as a relative position of the first data unit and the first data padding unit in a second data stream, and the second data stream is an adjusted first data stream. When adjusting a rate, the first network element device does not add or delete the first data padding unit in the first data stream.

A circuit includes a buffer configured to receive a first Flexible Ethernet (FlexE) frame having 66b blocks including 66b overhead blocks and 66b data blocks, wherein the buffer is configured to accumulate the 66b overhead blocks and the 66b data blocks; a mapping circuit configured to map four x 66b overhead blocks from the buffer into a 257b overhead block and to map a sequence of four x 66b data blocks from the buffer into a 257b data block; and a transmit circuit configured to transmit a second FlexE frame having 257b blocks from the mapping circuit. The mapping circuit can be configured to accumulate four 66b blocks of a same kind from the buffer for mapping into a 257b block, where the same kind is one of overhead and a particular calendar slot n where n=0-19.

A spinal construct includes a first member having a first thread form and an implant cavity configured for disposal of the spinal implant. A second member is engageable with a spinal implant and includes a second thread form configured for engagement with the first thread form. A gauge is coupled to the second member. The gauge is configured to measure a force between the second member and the spinal implant when the second member is engaged with the first member. The second thread form is timed with the first thread form to position the gauge in a selected orientation relative to the spinal implant. Systems and methods are disclosed.

A single-ended inter-chip data transmission system and a single-ended inter-chip data reception system are provided for processing data. A controlled Hamming weight parallel data encoder at a transmitter device accepts N data bits with an arbitrary Hamming weight as input and generates M data bits with a controlled Hamming weight as output, wherein M is greater than N. A transmission circuit provides a time-aligned transmission of the controlled Hamming weight encoded data across a single-ended data bus.

USB transmission and reception devices are provided. A USB transmission device comprises a first interface to receive display port (DP) data via N lanes at a first link rate, wherein N is an integer greater than 1; and a switching re-timer including a plurality of de-serializer circuits to de-serialize the received DP data, a plurality of decoder circuits to decode the de-serialized DP data, a plurality of multiplexer circuits to multiplex the decoded de-serialized DP data received via each of the N lanes into 1/M lanes, wherein M is an integer greater than 1, a plurality of encoder circuits to encode the multiplexed DP data, and a plurality of serializer circuits to serialize the encoded multiplexed DP data and output the serialized multiplexed DP data on each of the N/M lanes at a second link rate, the second link rate being equal to the first link rate multiplied by M.

A data transmission method includes: obtaining Q first code block streams, wherein Q is an integer greater than 1, the coding type is M1/N1 bit coding, and one code block in the first code block stream comprises a synchronization header area of (N1M1) bits and a non-synchronization one code block in the second code block stream comprises a synchronization header area of (N1M1) bits and a non-synchronization header area of M1 bits, and a non-synchronization header area of a code block in the Q first code block streams is carried in a non-synchronization header area of a code block in the second code block stream. header area of M1 bits; and placing non-synchronization header areas of code blocks in the Q first code block streams into a to-be-sent second code block stream, wherein a coding type of the second code block stream is M1/N1 bit coding.

Various examples are directed to a rotary coupler and methods of use thereof. The rotary data coupler may comprise a transmitter and receiver. The transmitter may comprise a first band and a second transmitter band. The receiver may comprise a receiver housing positioned to rotate relative to the first transmitter band and the second transmitter band. A first receiver band may be positioned opposite the first transmitter band to form a first capacitor and a second receiver band may be positioned opposite the second transmitter band to form a second capacitor. The receiver may also comprise a resistance electrically coupled between the first receiver band and the second receiver band and a differential amplifier. The differential amplifier may comprise an inverting input and a non-inverting input, with the non-inverting input electrically coupled to the first receiver band and the inverting input electrically coupled to the second receiver band.