A method for fetching a content from a web server to a client device is disclosed, using tunnel devices serving as intermediate devices. The tunnel device is selected based on an attribute, such as IP Geolocation. A tunnel bank server stores a list of available tunnels that may be used, associated with values of various attribute types. The tunnel devices initiate communication with the tunnel bank server, and stays connected to it, for allowing a communication session initiated by the tunnel bank server. Upon receiving a request from a client to a content and for specific attribute types and values, a tunnel is selected by the tunnel bank server, and is used as a tunnel for retrieving the required content from the web server, using standard protocol such as SOCKS, WebSocket or HTTP Proxy. The client only communicates with a super proxy server that manages the content fetching scheme.

Method and apparatus for facilitating accessing home surveillance device data, preferably an IP camera video stream, by a remote user device at the remote user device's instigation, over the Internet through a home router, the facilitating including incorporating a smart gateway in local communication with the home router and in persistent or intermittent communication with a remote Internet server to facilitate communication of data over the Internet at the remote user device's request through direct communication between the remote user device and the smart gateway, the smart gateway in local communication With the home surveillance device such as an IP camera, the direct communication facilitated by a “hole punch” type of technique.

A wireless device (S) includes a radio (R) for communicating via a wireless communication protocol which employs messages constructed as layer 2 MAC frames each including a layer 2 MAC header and a payload. The wireless device is configured to operate in (i) a first mode in which the wireless device transmits messages (N0, . . . , Nn) via the radio each including an IPv6 packet header and an upper layer protocol data unit encapsulated within the payload of a layer 2 MAC frame, and (ii) a second mode in which the wireless device transmits messages (M0, . . . , Mn) via the radio each including an upper layer protocol data unit encapsulated within the payload of a layer 2 MAC frame without including the IPv6 header. A relay device (T) comprises a radio for communicating via the wireless communication protocol which employs messages constructed as layer 2 MAC frames each including a layer 2 MAC header and a payload. In one power-saving aspect, the relay device is configured to perform a header insertion service (I) in which the relay device receives messages (M0, . . . , Mn) via its radio from the wireless device (S), each including an upper layer protocol data unit encapsulated within the payload of a layer 2 MAC frame without including the IPv6 header. The header insertion service inserts header information (A′) into the messages (M0, . . . , Mn) received from the wireless device (S) and retransmits the messages with complete headers as messages (M0′, . . . , Mn′). In another power-saving aspect, the relay device additionally or alternatively applies an acknowledgement detection criterion to filter out acknowledgements received from the server, and forwards the filtered out acknowledgements to the wireless device (S) via the radio at a reduced rate.

A method for fetching a content from a web server to a client device is disclosed, using tunnel devices serving as intermediate devices. The tunnel device is selected based on an attribute, such as IP Geolocation. A tunnel bank server stores a list of available tunnels that may be used, associated with values of various attribute types. The tunnel devices initiate communication with the tunnel bank server, and stays connected to it, for allowing a communication session initiated by the tunnel bank server. Upon receiving a request from a client to a content and for specific attribute types and values, a tunnel is selected by the tunnel bank server, and is used as a tunnel for retrieving the required content from the web server, using standard protocol such as SOCKS, WebSocket or HTTP Proxy. The client only communicates with a super proxy server that manages the content fetching scheme.

A method for fetching a content from a web server to a client device is disclosed, using tunnel devices serving as intermediate devices. The tunnel device is selected based on an attribute, such as IP Geolocation. A tunnel bank server stores a list of available tunnels that may be used, associated with values of various attribute types. The tunnel devices initiate communication with the tunnel bank server, and stays connected to it, for allowing a communication session initiated by the tunnel bank server. Upon receiving a request from a client to a content and for specific attribute types and values, a tunnel is selected by the tunnel bank server, and is used as a tunnel for retrieving the required content from the web server, using standard protocol such as SOCKS, WebSocket or HTTP Proxy. The client only communicates with a super proxy server that manages the content fetching scheme.

A method for fetching a content from a web server to a client device is disclosed, using tunnel devices serving as intermediate devices. The tunnel device is selected based on an attribute, such as IP Geolocation. A tunnel bank server stores a list of available tunnels that may be used, associated with values of various attribute types. The tunnel devices initiate communication with the tunnel bank server, and stays connected to it, for allowing a communication session initiated by the tunnel bank server. Upon receiving a request from a client to a content and for specific attribute types and values, a tunnel is selected by the tunnel bank server, and is used as a tunnel for retrieving the required content from the web server, using standard protocol such as SOCKS, WebSocket or HTTP Proxy. The client only communicates with a super proxy server that manages the content fetching scheme.

A wireless device (S) includes a radio (R) for communicating via a wireless communication protocol which employs messages constructed as layer 2 MAC frames each including a layer 2 MAC header and a payload. The wireless device is configured to operate in (i) a first mode in which the wireless device transmits messages (N0, . . . , Nn) via the radio each including an IPv6 packet header and an upper layer protocol data unit encapsulated within the payload of a layer 2 MAC frame, and (ii) a second mode in which the wireless device transmits messages (M0, . . . , Mn) via the radio each including an upper layer protocol data unit encapsulated within the payload of a layer 2 MAC frame without including the IPv6 header. A relay device (T) comprises a radio for communicating via the wireless communication protocol which employs messages constructed as layer 2 MAC frames each including a layer 2 MAC header and a payload. In one power-saving aspect, the relay device is configured to perform a header insertion service (I) in which the relay device receives messages (M0, . . . , Mn) via its radio from the wireless device (S), each including an upper layer protocol data unit encapsulated within the payload of a layer 2 MAC frame without including the IPv6 header. The header insertion service inserts header information (A′) into the messages (M0, Mn) received from the wireless device (S) and retransmits the messages with complete headers as messages (M0′, . . . , Mn′). In another power-saving aspect, the relay device additionally or alternatively applies an acknowledgement detection criterion to filter out acknowledgements received from the server, and forwards the filtered out acknowledgements to the wireless device (S) via the radio at a reduced rate.

A method for establishing an end-to-end network connection includes obtaining, by a first node, super node information from a server, obtaining, by the first node, a network address translation (NAT) type of the first node, obtaining, by the first node, a NAT type of a to-be-connected second node from the server, determining, by the first node based on the NAT type of the first node and the NAT type of the second node, whether to use a relay node, and selecting, by the first node, the relay node from super nodes to establish a connection to the second node.

A method for establishing an end-to-end network connection includes obtaining, by a first node, super node information from a server, obtaining, by the first node, a network address translation (NAT) type of the first node, obtaining, by the first node, a NAT type of a to-be-connected second node from the server, determining, by the first node based on the NAT type of the first node and the NAT type of the second node, whether to use a relay node, and selecting, by the first node, the relay node from super nodes to establish a connection to the second node.

A method for fetching a content from a web server to a client device is disclosed, using tunnel devices serving as intermediate devices. The tunnel device is selected based on an attribute, such as IP Geolocation. A tunnel bank server stores a list of available tunnels that may be used, associated with values of various attribute types. The tunnel devices initiate communication with the tunnel bank server, and stays connected to it, for allowing a communication session initiated by the tunnel bank server. Upon receiving a request from a client to a content and for specific attribute types and values, a tunnel is selected by the tunnel bank server, and is used as a tunnel for retrieving the required content from the web server, using standard protocol such as SOCKS, WebSocket or HTTP Proxy. The client only communicates with a super proxy server that manages the content fetching scheme.