A network coordinator device comprises a processor, a memory, a first port to operatively couple the processor to first network that uses media access control (MAC) addresses of a first size, and a second port to operatively couple the processor to second network that uses MAC addresses of a second size. The processor is configured to perform a network bridging protocol to bridge data frames communicated between the first network and the second network, including to translate communications between a device of the first network having the first size MAC address and a device of the second network having the second size MAC address, and adapt a frame format of the first network protocol to a frame format of the second network protocol. The adapting the frame formatting includes fragmenting data frames of the first network protocol when needed using a fragmentation format of the second network protocol.

A network coordinator device comprises a processor, a memory, a first port to operatively couple the processor to first network that uses media access control (MAC) addresses of a first size, and a second port to operatively couple the processor to second network that uses MAC addresses of a second size. The processor is configured to perform a network bridging protocol to bridge data frames communicated between the first network and the second network, including to translate communications between a device of the first network having the first size MAC address and a device of the second network having the second size MAC address, and adapt a frame format of the first network protocol to a frame format of the second network protocol. The adapting the frame formatting includes fragmenting data frames of the first network protocol when needed using a fragmentation format of the second network protocol.

A method includes obtaining the topology of a computer cluster, with first global numbers respectively assigned to the nodes thereof, and implementing, for each pair of nodes, an algorithm adapted for providing a communication route between the nodes, based on respective numbers of the nodes and the topology of the computer cluster. The method further includes selecting nodes and numbering the nodes in order to assign second global numbers thereto, which numbers are different from the first global numbers for at least one part of the selected nodes, the second global numbers of the selected nodes being successively separated by values each of which is different from the periodicity of each of at least one part of the communication links. Moreover, in order to implement the algorithm, the nodes are identified by the second global numbers thereof.

In one example, a network management system discovers a plurality of network devices behind a network address translation device, such as a firewall. The network management system may receive a model of a seed network device, generate a first activation configuration and commit the first activation configuration on the seed network device. The network management system may connect to the seed network device and discover neighboring devices from information in the seed network device. The network management system may connect to the neighboring devices, automatically create a model of the neighboring network devices, generate s activation configurations for the neighboring network devices and commit the activation configurations on the neighboring network devices. The network management system may iterative perform these steps until it discovers all the discoverable network devices behind the network address translation device.

A method is implemented by a network device for enabling destination network address translation in a cloud network. The method includes determining that packets having a first public address as a source address and a second public address as a destination address are to be forwarded to a first host that is assigned a first private address and sending a first advertisement message to a gateway indicating that packets having the first public address as a source address and the second public address as a destination address are to be forwarded to a first switch connected to the first host, where the first switch is configured to translate the destination address of those packets from the second public address to the first private address assigned to the first host.

A network client device is disclosed having a media streamer for processing a media stream received at a first port of a client device. Further included is a setup controller configured to transmit a set-up request message and a discovery message without waiting for acknowledgement of reception of the set-up request message before transmission of the discovery message, from a second port and the first port respectively, to predetermined ports of a server device.

Systems and methods for routing real-time voice communication via a private network exchange. A virtual private cloud (VPC) system receives first configuration for a first private network exchange for a first account of the VPC system. The VPC system assigns a first regional exchange system to the first private network exchange based on the first configuration. The first private network exchange is established between the first regional exchange system and a first outside entity system of the first account by mapping an identifier of the first account to the first private network exchange. Real-time voice communication data for the first account is routed from a first real-time voice communication service of the VPC system to the first outside entity system via the first private network exchange based on the mapping.

A media stream is transmitted from a server device to a client device. The client device (10) transmits set-up request messages (43a), discovery messages (44b) and a play command message (45a). The server receives versions of the set-up request messages 43b), the discovery message (44b) and the play message (45b) with matching identifier in the payloads if the messages. The server device (12) receives the discovery messages (44b) on a predetermined port and stores information recording that the discovery messages (44b) have been received, at least when no corresponding set-up request message 43b has been received before. The server device (12) compares the identifiers from the received set up request message (43b) and the discovery message (44b) according to the information recording reception, at least when the discovery message (44b) has been received before the set-up request message (43b). The server device (12) selects transport parameters for transmission of the media stream responsive to detection that the first and second identifier have matching values, the selected transport parameters being based on data from said set-up request message (43b) and a port identification from a source field of the discovery message (44b). The media stream is transmitted in accordance with the selected transport parameters to the client device (10) addressed to the port determined from the source field of the discovery message (44b).

A computing system may identify packets received by a network device from a host located in a first network and may generate log entries corresponding to the packets received by the network device. The computing system may identify packets transmitted by the network device to a host located in a second network and may generate log entries corresponding to the packets transmitted by the network device. Utilizing the log entries corresponding to the packets received by the network device and the log entries corresponding to the packets transmitted by the network device, the computing system may correlate the packets transmitted by the network device with the packets received by the network device.

A computing system may identify packets received by a network device from a host located in a first network and may generate log entries corresponding to the packets received by the network device. The computing system may identify packets transmitted by the network device to a host located in a second network and may generate log entries corresponding to the packets transmitted by the network device. Utilizing the log entries corresponding to the packets received by the network device and the log entries corresponding to the packets transmitted by the network device, the computing system may correlate the packets transmitted by the network device with the packets received by the network device.