The present disclosure relates generally to signal encoding for elements within PDF files. One implementation encodes an artwork element under different encoding conditions, and selects a winner version based on resulting signal robustness and/or visibility. Other implementations generate PDF layer masks to help determine overall embedding robustness, including interference from layered elements. Other implementations are provided too.

Methods for selecting a binding-element are provided. The method comprised of different steps. A first mixture is formed using at least one target molecule and a plurality of oligomers, followed by incubating the first mixture to form a second mixture comprising at least one target-bound oligomer and at least one target-unbound oligomer. Then a first accelerator is added to cleave the target-unbound oligomer and the target-bound oligomer is separated from the target molecule. This is followed by addition of a second accelerator for ligation, and a third accelerator for amplification followed by sequencing and post sequence analysis to select the binding-element.

One or more system, apparatus, method, and computer readable media is described below for conveyance of hidden image data between a display and a camera. In some embodiments, modulating a display pixel refresh rate a predetermined amount relative to a target camera frame rate conveys hidden image data. In further embodiments, a camera module is employed to detect one or more changes in state and/or logic level associated with the pixel refresh rate modulation. The logic levels are then decoded to deduce the hidden image data. In some embodiments, a visually perceptible representation of the hidden image data is then output to a output panel. For example, in one exemplary embodiment the hidden image data includes a pixel value indicative of a color that is to be output to one or more pixel of a camera viewer.

The present document provides image processing methods and apparatus. One claim recites: obtaining a signal to be encoded in color image data, the signal comprising a plural-bit payload; predicting a resulting color of overprinting several inks on a substrate, the overprinting representing the color image data encoded with the signal; using the resulting color for both i) visibility evaluation of the overprinting, and ii) signal robustness evaluation of the overprinting as seen by an imaging device. Other claims and combinations are provided.

Optical code signal components are generated and then transformed into signal bearing art that conveys machine readable data. The components of an optical code are optimized to achieve improved signal robustness, reliability, capacity and/or visual quality. An optimization program can determine spatial density, dot distance, dot size and signal component priority to optimize robustness. An optical code generator transforms tiles of an optical code or image embedded with the optical code into signal-bearing art using stipple, Voronoi, Delaunay or other graphic drawing methods so as to retain prioritized components of the optical code. The optical code is merged into a host image, such as imagery, text and graphics of a package or label, or it may be printed by itself, e.g., on an otherwise blank label or carton. A great number of other features and arrangements are also detailed.

A monochrome imager used in such systems as a scanner can detect watermarks that have been encoded in the color space or chrominance. Such watermarks are called chroma watermarks and are considered more reliable than the traditional classic watermarks, which are encoded based on luminance. The monochrome imager detects the chroma watermark, which has been illuminated with ambient white light from a blue light emitting diode (LED) coated with phosphor.

We propose new methods for creating color varying prints with classical cyan, magenta, yellow inks on a metallic specularly reflecting or on a white diffusely reflecting substrate. We use a special cross-line halftone with optimized surface coverages of the inks to create cross-halftone prints whose colors change when rotating the print in-plane under specular reflection. These prints enable viewing at the same location a first image with a first set of colors and upon in-plane rotation of the print or displacement of the observer, a similar or a different image whose parts are colored with a different set of colors. Applications comprise counterfeit prevention, art, advertisement, decoration, exhibitions and surprising displays in amusement parks.

A system and method for detecting counterfeit document. The invention evaluates identifying the Region of Interest (ROI) where patterns such as VOID/COPY Pantographs are located; forming an image of the ROI; cropping the image of ROI; applying multichannel filtering for texture/pattern analysis; detecting object/edges; partitioning a group of data points into clusters; converting gray scale image to binary form using thresholding; applying motion blur to the binary image and further applying thresholding; determining bounding area of bounding boxes to make the identified characters machine readable for OCR. A counterfeit document is detected where the characters under pattern (e.g. VOID/COPY Pantograph) are not detected.

A printer including a printing execution unit configured to execute printing; a code conversion unit configured to encode operational information in relation to the printing execution unit to generate an image pattern; and a display unit configured to display the image pattern, generated by the code conversion unit, on the display unit itself.

A system and method renders a micro gloss effect image on a recording medium using a color printer having multiple color marking materials by electronically creating an electronic image region having a first image region and a second image region; electronically painting the first image region of the electronic image region with single component black; electronically painting the second image region of the electronic image region with multiple component black, the multiple component black being a combination of all single color marking materials in the color printer; and rendering, using the color marking materials of the color printer, the electronic image region on the recording medium such that the second image region of the electronic image region is rendered with all single color marking materials in the color printer and the first image region of the electronic image region is rendered with only single component black marking material.