A display apparatus including a display panel including a base substrate and a first pad electrode on a first pad portion of the base substrate, a flexible substrate connected to the first pad portion, and a driving chip electrically connected to the flexible substrate. The flexible substrate includes a first film layer, a first wiring layer on the first film layer and comprising a plurality of wirings, a second film layer on the first wiring layer, and a second wiring layer on the second film layer and comprising a plurality of wirings. The wirings of the second wiring layer include a first_first wiring and a first_second wiring, the first_first wiring and the first_second wiring extend in a same direction along a same line and are spaced from each other by a gap therebetween. The gap is at an edge of the base substrate in a plan view.

A projection apparatus and a projection method thereof are provided. The projection apparatus includes a frame refresh rate conversion chip, a spatial light modulation circuit and a control circuit. The frame refresh rate conversion chip performs frame refresh rate conversion on a first video signal to generate a second video signal. The control circuit is coupled to the frame refresh rate conversion chip and the spatial light modulation circuit, and adjusts a resolution and a frame refresh rate of a projected image generated by the spatial light modulation circuit according to a frame refresh rate of the second video signal.

A light source device configured to emit a light beam in a first direction includes a first exit position from which a first colored light beam is emitted, a second exit position from which a second colored light beam is emitted, a third exit position from which a third colored light beam is emitted, and a fourth exit position from which a fourth colored light beam is emitted, at least one of the first through fourth colored light beams is a target colored light beam which has a peak wavelength out of a reference wavelength range, and a beam diameter of which is to be adjusted, an adjusting element disposed on a light path of the target colored light beam.

A projection device includes a prism set, a digital micro-mirror device, a reflective component and a heat dissipation module. The prism set includes a light-incident side and a mirror-corresponding side opposite to each other, and includes a first light-emitting side and a second light-emitting side adjacent to each other. The digital micro-mirror device spatially corresponds to the mirror-corresponding side. An incident light is transmitted through the light-incident side to irradiate the digital micro-mirror device. When the digital micro-mirror device generates an on-state light, the on-state light is outputted through the first light-emitting side. When the digital micro-mirror device generates an off-state light, the off-state light is transmitted toward the reflective component and outputted through the second light-emitting side. The heat dissipation module spatially corresponding to the second light-emitting side is configured to absorb and convert the off-state light for heat dissipation.

A novel high efficiency image projection system includes a beam-steering modulator, an amplitude modulator, and a controller. In a particular embodiment the controller generates beam-steering drive values from image data and uses the beam-steering drive values to drive the beam-steering modulator. Additionally, the controller utilizes the beam-steering drive values to generate a lightfield simulation of a lightfield projected onto the amplitude modulator by the beam-steering modulator. The controller utilizes the lightfield simulation to generate amplitude drive values for driving the amplitude modulator in order to project a high quality version of the image described by the image data.

A light projection system including a light source and a light controller to generate modulatable beams of light and an angular light modulator (ALM) positioned to selectively direct the light from each beam. The light controller can be a spatial light modulator or a processor programmed to control light output. The angular light modulator may be a digital micromirror device (DMD). The ALM may be configured to direct the images into diffraction orders or using scanning the images. A LIDAR system to detect a position of an object including a first source of a two-dimensional array of beams of light and ALM to project light into a selected one of a plurality of directions. An illumination system, comprising a first angular-spatial light modulator (ASLM) and a second ASLM system configured such a first beam and a second beam of light intersect.

An optical filter to increase contrast of an image generated with a spatial light modulator includes a lens for spatially Fourier transforming modulated light from the spatial light modulator, and an optical filter mask positioned at a Fourier plane of the lens to filter the modulated light. The modulated light has a plurality of diffraction orders, and the optical filter mask transmits at least one of the diffraction orders of the modulated light and block a remaining portion of the modulated light. A method that improves contrast of an image generated with a spatial light modulator includes spatially Fourier transforming modulated light from the spatial light modulator onto a Fourier plane, and filtering the modulated light by transmitting at least one diffraction order of the modulated light at the Fourier plane and blocking a remaining portion of the modulated light at the Fourier plane.

A projection system including at least a light source, at least a dichroic filter element and a light-adjusting diaphragm element is provided. The light source is configured to emit a first color light having a spectrum of a first wavelength range and a second color light having a spectrum of a second wavelength range. The dichroic filter element is configured to reflect or allow the first color light and the second color light to pass through. The light-adjusting diaphragm element has a filter and is located on an optical path generated after the first color light and the second color light are split. The first color light passes through the filter, which blocks at least a part of the energy of the second color light, such that a transmittance of the spectrum of the first wavelength range is greater than that of the spectrum of the second wavelength range.

A liquid crystal display (LCD) projector with active color separation lighting includes a projection light source, a condenser, a collimating lens, an incident polarizer, a dichroic mirror, an LCD light valve, a color combination mirror, an outgoing polarizer, a field lens and a projection lens all of which are distributed in sequence according to a direction of light travel. In the present invention, RGB three primary color rays of the projection light source are irradiated on the RR, GR and BR of the LCD light valve, respectively, ≥⅔ of the light originally blocked by the CF and the light originally blocked by the BM pass as much as possible or even completely through R, G and B sub-pixels, which fundamentally improves the transmittance of the LCD light valve, so that the efficiency of the optical system is completely improved.

A projection device includes a prism set, a digital micro-mirror device, a reflective component and a heat dissipation module. The prism set includes a light-incident side and a mirror-corresponding side opposite to each other, and includes a first light-emitting side and a second light-emitting side adjacent to each other. The digital micro-mirror device spatially corresponds to the mirror-corresponding side. An incident light is transmitted through the light-incident side to irradiate the digital micro-mirror device. When the digital micro-mirror device generates an on-state light, the on-state light is outputted through the first light-emitting side. When the digital micro-mirror device generates an off-state light, the off-state light is transmitted toward the reflective component and outputted through the second light-emitting side. The heat dissipation module spatially corresponding to the second light-emitting side is configured to absorb and convert the off-state light for heat dissipation.