Provided include a beam modulation apparatus for modulating an input light field and a projection system containing the apparatus. The input light field has a first light field and a second light field, having a difference of 90° in their polarization states. The apparatus includes a PBS prism, a first LCOS panel and a second LCOS panel. The first and the second LCOS panel are respectively over a side surface of the PBS prism opposing to an optical incident surface and an optical exit surface. Each LCOS panel comprises a plurality of pixels over a reflective surface thereof, with each pixel controllably switched on or off such that a polarity state of a light beam reflected by a portion of the reflective surface corresponding thereto is changed or remains unchanged. This beam modulation apparatus can be applied in a projection system, such as a laser TV projection system.

A wavelength conversion element according to the present disclosure includes a cemented body obtained by bonding a first wavelength conversion member which is excited by first light to emit second light having a wavelength band different from a wavelength band of the first light, and a first light guide member configured to transmit the first light and the second light, and a reflecting member which is disposed so as to be opposed to at least one surface parallel to a first direction out of a plurality of outer circumferential surfaces of the cemented body, and reflects at least one of the first light and the second light.

A light source optical system used with an excitation light source configured to emit first color light includes a wavelength conversion unit configured to receive the first color light emitted by the excitation light source and emit second color light with a wavelength different from a wavelength of the first color light, There is a first optical system having a positive power and a second optical system having a positive power provided in this order in an optical path between the excitation light source and the wavelength conversion unit. When a ray parallel to an optical axis of the first optical system is incident on the first optical system, a ray emitted from the first optical system is incident on the second optical system while approaching the optical axis. The second optical system has under-corrected spherical aberration at a paraxial focal position of the second optical system.

A light source apparatus according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes a light source section that outputs light belongs to a first wavelength band, a wavelength converter that converts the light that belongs to the first wavelength band into light that belongs to a second wavelength band different from the first wavelength band, and a first optical element that reflects the light that belongs to the first wavelength band and transmits the light that belongs to the second wavelength band. A first angle of incidence of the chief ray of the light that belongs to the first wavelength band with respect to a first surface of the first optical element is smaller than 45°, and a second angle of incidence of the chief ray of the light that belongs to the second wavelength band with respect to the first surface is smaller than 45°.

Embodiments of the disclosure provide a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) light modulator, an optical sensing system, and an optical sensing method. The optical sensing system includes a transmitter configured to emit an optical signal toward an environment surrounding the optical sensing system, and a receiver configured to receive the optical signal returning from the environment. The receiver further includes the LCOS light modulator and a receiving lens. The LCOS light modulator is configured to spatially modulate a polarization of the optical signal in order to allow only a spatially-selected portion of the optical signal to pass through the LCOS light modulator at one time. The receiving lens is configured to focus the spatially-selected portion of the optical signal received from the LCOS light modulator on a photodetector of the receiver.

Systems and methods for extracting a feature in an image are provided. In one example embodiment, a computer-implemented method includes obtaining image data representing a scene, wherein the image data includes a plurality of images of the scene, each image associated with a different polarization angle. The method includes determining attribute information based at least in part on the plurality of images. The method includes determining one or more features in the image data based at least in part on the attribute information.

A first illumination light source emits a first illumination light ray which is a first polarized light. Either one of an s-polarized light and a p-polarized light, which are linearly polarized light, is the first polarized light and the other is a second polarized light. A second illumination light source emits a second illumination light ray. A dichroic mirror includes a specific polarization reflection area and a transmission area. The specific polarization reflection area reflects the first polarized light and transmits the second polarized light and the second illumination light ray. The transmission area transmits the first and second illumination light rays. A phase difference plate converts linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light. A polarization conversion element transmits either the first or second polarized light, shifts an optical axis of the other, and aligns the first and second illumination light rays to the first or second polarized light.

A dual-modulation laser projection system (100) includes a polarizing beamsplitter (110) for splitting laser light (180) into first (182) and second (184) polarized beams having mutually orthogonal polarizations, a phase spatial light modulator (120) for beam steering the second polarized beam (184), a mechanical amplitude spatial light modulator (130) for amplitude modulating a combination of the first polarized beam (182) and the second polarized beam (186) as beam steered by the phase spatial light modulator (120), and a filter (140) for removing, from the combination (190) of the first and second polarized beams, one or more of a plurality of diffraction orders introduced by the mechanical amplitude spatial light modulator (130), to generate filtered, modulated output light (192).

A light source device according to the present disclosure includes a plurality of light emitting elements, a diffusion element which light beams including a plurality of beams emitted from the plurality of light emitting elements enter, and which diffuses the light beams, and an optical element configured to divide the light beams emitted from the plurality of light emitting elements into plurality of partial light beams, wherein the diffusion element has a plurality of diffusion areas disposed so as to correspond to the plurality of partial light beams obtained by the optical element dividing the light beams emitted from the plurality of light emitting elements.

The wavelength conversion element according to the present disclosure includes a wavelength conversion layer which has a first surface and a second surface different from the first surface, and which includes a scattering element no higher than 5% in volume ratio, and which is configured to convert light in a first wavelength band into light in a second wavelength band different from the first wavelength band, and a plurality of protruding parts which is disposed so as to be opposed to the first surface, and which includes a first protruding part and a second protruding part adjacent to each other. A height of the plurality of protruding parts is no smaller than 1 μm, and a distance between a vertex of the first protruding part and a vertex of the second protruding part in a direction along the first surface is no smaller than 3 μm.