Methods, devices, and system related to adaptive determination of payload sizes based on usage patterns of the contents are disclosed. In one example aspect, an apparatus for wireless communication includes a processor that is configured to transmit a first data packet associated with a first network content to a user device, receive a request from the user device indicating a switch to a second network content from the first network content, determine a usage pattern associated with the first network content based on information included in at least the first data packet and the request, and adaptively change, based on the usage pattern, a payload size of a second data packet associated with a subsequent transmission of the first network content.

A screen projection method and a device, the method including performing, by a controlling device, at least one of sending, based on a reliability transmission protocol, in response to an image frame that is to be sent being an I frame, a data packet that carries the image frame, sending, based on the reliability transmission protocol, in response to the image frame being a P frame that meets a first preset condition, the data packet that carries the image frame, or sending, based on a non-reliability transmission protocol, in response to the image frame being a P frame that does not meet the first preset condition, the data packet that carries the image frame.

A source electronic device may include first interface circuitry that transmits a data packet over a wireless link to a sink electronic device to present the data packet as part of a video stream. The source electronic device may also include encoder circuitry that encodes the data packet for transmission through the wireless link and a feedback path communicatively coupling the encoder circuitry directly to the first interface circuitry. The feedback path may transmit one or more feedback signals from the first interface circuitry to the encoder circuitry, bypassing a network layer, an encoder driver, or both. The encoder circuitry, the first interface circuitry, or both may adjust one or more transmission parameters associated with transmitting the data packet over the wireless link, based on the one or more feedback signals.

The construction method of NALU (Network Abstraction Layer Unit) for IPv6 label switching and its using algorithms of video encoding, QoS control, and decoding are provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the NALU format is composed of the NALH (Network Abstraction Layer Header) including the label and the NAL (Network Abstraction Layer) payload. Here, the label is determined based on layer information which is combination of a spatial scalable level, a temporal scalable level, and a quality scalable level of the encoded data. The decoder uses the label to decide which one of multiple decoding modules is used to decode the current NAL payload. Moreover, the label can be included in the packet header so that the MANE (Media Aware Network Element) can use the label to decide whether to forward the packet or drop it. For example, the label in the packet header can be used for QoS control of video service by using the flow label field in IPv6 packet header. The IPv6 router can identify priority of the video packet by using the 20 bit long flow label, into which the label in NALH can be inserted. According to the embodiment, the MANE assumed in the MPEG and JVT (Joint Video Team) can be implemented effectively.

A frame dropping method for a video frame and a video sending apparatus are used to perform frame dropping processing on video frames in order to reduce a quantity of dropped frames, enhance video playing smoothness, and improve user experience. A specific solution includes obtaining a video frame sequence of a to-be-sent video, establishing a reference relationship between video frames in the video frame sequence according to a preset criterion, and detecting a data occupation length of buffered video frames in a video sending buffer during a process of sending the video frame sequence, dropping a current to-be-buffered video frame when the data occupation length is greater than a preset threshold, and dropping all video frames in the video frame sequence that reference the current to-be-buffered video frame according to the reference relationship.

A Quality of Experience (QoE) analysis-based video frame management method is provided. The method comprises classifying a frame of a video, determining a degree of influence of the removal of the frame on a QoE of the video and marking the frame removable if a QoE of the video having the determined degree of influence reflected thereinto still meets a minimum required quality designated by a user.

A video quality assessment method includes obtaining a video quality assessment parameter of a to-be-assessed video, where the video quality assessment parameter of the to-be-assessed video includes an average packet loss gap of the to-be-assessed video, determining packet loss dispersion of the to-be-assessed video based on the video quality assessment parameter of the to-be-assessed video, and determining quality of the to-be-assessed video based on a packet loss rate of the to-be-assessed video, an average consecutive packet loss length of the to-be-assessed video, the packet loss dispersion of the to-be-assessed video, and attribute information of the to-be-assessed video.

A method includes, at a media bridge configured to distribute a plurality of media streams among a plurality of client devices connected to the media bridge over a network during a real-time communication (RTC) instance, receiving a plurality of quality of experience (QoE) preferences from the plurality of client devices via the media bridge, the plurality of QoE preferences being transmitted as a real-time transport protocol (RTP) control protocol (RTCP) extension header of a transmitted data packet. The method also includes receiving a plurality of QoE metrics at the media bridge, and in response to a determination that a degradation in network conditions of the network has occurred, downgrading at least one of the plurality of media streams based on the plurality of QoE preferences.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, system for tile-based video streaming using a proxy executing at a mobile edge cloud, which adaptively offloads decoding and merging of video tiles from mobile devices to the mobile edge cloud. A processing system including the proxy communicates with a video server and a client device. The proxy receives a request for video content from a client device; the request includes historical field of view (FoV) information. The proxy predicts a client FoV, requests video tiles from the server, downloads the tiles from the server, generates a video chunk by decoding and merging the downloaded tiles, and delivers the video chunk to the client device. The client device performs local decoding and rendering of the generated video chunk. Other embodiments are disclosed.

A method in a network node relating to a process of controlling a data transfer related to video data of a video streaming service from a server to a wireless device is provided. The network node and wireless device operates in a wireless communications network. The network node determines a scheduling weight value for the wireless device to be used in the data transfer based on a target rate scheduling weight value and a proportional rate fair weight value. The network node then determines a size of data segment to be used in the data transfer based on at least part of the scheduling weight value. The network node further determines a pending data volume for the transferring of the video data to a play back buffer of the wireless device based on at least part of the scheduling weight value.