An apparatus for acquiring images includes an image sensor and a signal processor. The image sensor may include a sensor substrate and a color separation lens array, wherein the sensor substrate includes a plurality of photo-sensing cells, and the color separation lens array may separate an incident light into a plurality of lights having different wavelengths and forms a phase distribution for condensing the plurality of lights having the different wavelengths on adjacent photo-sensing cells of the plurality of photo-sensing cells. The signal processor may perform deconvolution on sensing signals of the plurality of photo-sensing cells to obtain a sub-sampled image, perform demosaicing to restore a full resolution image having a full resolution from the sub-sampled image, and correct a color of the full resolution image using a point spread function (PSF) of the color separation lens array.

Provided is an image sensor including a light sensor array including a plurality of light sensors configured to detect an incident light and convert the incident light into an electrical signal, the plurality of light sensors being are provided in a plurality of pixels, a transparent layer provided on the light sensor array, a color separation element provided on the transparent layer and configured to separate the incident light into light of a plurality of colors based on a wavelength band, and a focusing element including a nanostructure in a region corresponding to at least one pixel among the plurality of pixels and configured to perform auto focusing

Provided is an image sensor including a sensor substrate including a plurality of first pixels configured to sense first wavelength light in an infrared ray band and a plurality of second pixels configured to sense second wavelength light in a visible light band, and a color separating lens array disposed on the sensor substrate and configured to change a phase of the first wavelength light incident on the color separating lens array such that the first wavelength light is condensed to the plurality of first pixels, wherein the color separating lens array includes a plurality of light condensing regions configured to condense the first wavelength light respectively on the plurality of first pixels, and wherein an area of each of the plurality of light condensing regions is larger than an area of each of the plurality of first pixels.

Provided is an image sensor including a sensor substrate including a first pixel configured to sense light of a first wavelength, and a second pixel configured to sense light of a second wavelength, and a color separating lens array configured to concentrate the light of the first wavelength on the first pixel, and the light of the second wavelength on the second pixel, the color separating lens array including a first pixel-corresponding area corresponding to the first pixel, and a second pixel-corresponding area corresponding to the second pixel, wherein a first phase difference between the light of the first wavelength that has traveled through a center of the first pixel-corresponding area and a center of the second pixel-corresponding area is different than a second phase difference between the light of the second wavelength that has traveled through the center of the first pixel-corresponding area and the center of the second pixel-corresponding area.

A method of displaying a colorized luma image includes illuminating tissue under observation with illumination light and excitation light. A color image from reflectance of the illumination light and a fluorescence image produced by illuminating the tissue under observation with the excitation light are simultaneously detected at an image sensor to produce image data comprising both color image data and fluorescence image data. A luma image from the detected color image data is computed and the luma image is colorized based on the detected fluorescence image data. The colorized luma image is then displayed.

A camera for use in automotive applications includes a lens system having a modulation transfer function (MTF) tuned to process light in a spectral range from red to green with greater resolution than light in a spectral range from blue to violet. The camera also includes an imager having pixel sensors arranged in a matrix and a color filter matrix including multiple color filter elements, each corresponding to a pixel sensor of the imager. The color filter matrix includes red filter elements and yellow filter elements and the number of yellow filter elements is greater than the number of red filter elements.

A camera for use in automotive applications includes a lens system having a modulation transfer function (MTF) tuned to process light in a spectral range from red to green with greater resolution than light in a spectral range from blue to violet. The camera also includes an imager having pixel sensors arranged in a matrix and a color filter matrix including multiple color filter elements, each corresponding to a pixel sensor of the imager. The color filter matrix includes red filter elements and yellow filter elements and the number of yellow filter elements is greater than the number of red filter elements.

An electronic device includes: a color filter array including a plurality of color filters having a first grid pattern; an image sensor including the color filter array; and at least one processor electrically connected to the image sensor. The at least one processor is configured to acquire image data via unit pixels of a pixel array having a second grid pattern forming an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the first grid pattern. At least two of the plurality of color filters have different colors and the at least two of the plurality of color filters correspond to the unit pixels.

Systems and methods for down-scaling are provided. In one example, a method for processing image data includes determining a plurality of output pixel locations using a position value stored by a position register, using the current position value to select a center input pixel from the image data and selecting an index value, selecting a set of input pixels adjacent to the center input pixel, selecting a set of filtering coefficients from a filter coefficient lookup table using the index value, filtering the set of source input pixels to apply a respective one of the set of filtering coefficients to each of the set of source input pixels to determine an output value for the current output pixel at the current position value, and correcting chromatic aberrations in the set of source input pixels.

According to the present disclosure, there is provided an imaging element configured as a semiconductor chip, the imaging element including: an acquisition unit that acquires information regarding an optical member, the optical member being provided outside the semiconductor chip; a pixel unit including N (N is an integer) types of pixels having different spectral characteristics with respect to a wavelength of input light input via the optical member; a conversion unit that converts an output signal of the pixel unit into a digital output signal; a processing unit that performs conversion processing into N+1 or more processed signals having different spectral characteristics on the basis of an output signal output from the conversion unit by using the information; and an output unit that outputs a signal based on the processed signal to an outside of the semiconductor chip.