A PTC heating appliance has a heating element array including a first plurality of PTC chips stacked into a second plurality of columns and including porous heat-exchanging radiators each in thermal communication with one or more of the columns and arranged such that heat produced by any of the PTC chips is conducted into the porous heat-exchanging radiator or radiators with which it is in thermal communication. A fan is arranged to force air through the porous heat exchanging radiators such that the heat therein is extracted and blown from the appliance. A control is adapted to cause selective energization of sub-groups of the PTC chips and has at least a high and a low setting. A higher number of the PTC chips are energized during the high setting than during the low setting, and each subgroup includes at least one PTC chip of each column.

A heating appliance has electrical circuitry, a controller, a heating element, a temperature sensor, and a power selection switch having a varying power setting for enabling the user to select a varying power heating mode during which the room temperature is sensed by and if below a certain desirable temperature level, the controller causes higher power heating until the room temperature reaches the certain desirable temperature level and then causes lower power heating.

An electrically operated aerosol-generating system may be configured to detect adverse conditions (e.g., a dry heater). The system may comprise an electric heater comprising at least one heating element for heating an aerosol-forming substrate, a power supply, and electric circuitry connected to the electric heater and to the power supply and comprising a memory. The electric circuitry may be configured to measure an initial electrical resistance (R.sub.1) of the electric heater; measure a subsequent electrical resistance of the electric heater after the measurement of the initial electrical resistance; determine the difference (ΔR) between the initial electrical resistance and the subsequent electrical resistance; determine that an adverse condition is present if the difference is greater than a maximum threshold value (ΔR.sub.max) or less than a minimum threshold value (ΔR.sub.min) stored in the memory; and control a power to the electric heater and/or provide an indication if the adverse condition is present.

An electric fireplace (10) includes a fireplace housing (12) and an electrical insert (40). The fireplace housing (12) includes a base panel (30) having a base opening (230A), a back panel (32), and at least one side panel (34). The electrical insert (40) is sized and shaped to fit and be supported and retained within the base opening (230A). Additionally, the electrical insert (40) can include a heater (26), and a controller (28) including a processor that is configured to control operation of the electric fireplace (10). Further, each of the base panel (30), the back panel (32) and the at least one side panel (34) can be manufactured and installed independently of one another. The fireplace housing (12) can further include a front frame (236) that is manufactured and installed independently of each of the base panel (30), the back panel (32) and the at least one side panel (34). Still further, at least one of the back panel (32) and the at least one side panel (34) can be foldable.

An electrically operated aerosol-generating system may be configured to detect adverse conditions (e.g., a dry heater). The system may comprise an electric heater comprising at least one heating element for heating an aerosol-forming substrate, a power supply, and electric circuitry connected to the electric heater and to the power supply and comprising a memory. The electric circuitry may be configured to measure an initial electrical resistance (R.sub.1) of the electric heater; measure a subsequent electrical resistance of the electric heater after the measurement of the initial electrical resistance; determine the difference (R) between the initial electrical resistance and the subsequent electrical resistance; determine that an adverse condition is present if the difference is greater than a maximum threshold value (R.sub.max) or less than a minimum threshold value (R.sub.min) stored in the memory; and control a power to the electric heater and/or provide an indication if the adverse condition is present.

An electrical radiator type heating appliance comprises a case housing a heater member producing a first flow of calories (F1) when an input of the heater member is powered by a direct electric voltage. The heating appliance also comprises a voltage converter implanted in the case and comprising an input provided with connection elements for connecting the voltage converter to an electric power supply source and an output delivering a direct electric voltage adapted to directly or indirectly power the input of the heater member.

A cartridge for an aerosol-generating system includes a storage container containing a supply of an aerosol-forming substrate, a fluid permeable heating element positioned across an opening in the storage container, a protective cover coupled to the storage container and covering the fluid permeable heating element, at least one air inlet, at least one air outlet, and an airflow path from the at least one air inlet to the at least one air outlet. The protective cover is configured such that a portion of the airflow path is between the protective cover and the fluid permeable heating element.

The invention includes a system for heating a room including a panel with a layer of channels, the layer of channels having a first and a second outer surface and a plurality of adjoined parallel channels disposed between them. The system also includes a heating element which converts electricity to heat and heats a fluid within the panel to heat the room.

A heating apparatus including a storage device and at least one heater member. The heater member can be connected to the storage device and an electric power supply source. An inverter is connected to the output of the storage device and the electrical supply source. First switching elements are used to vary the first connection elements between an open circuit configuration and a closed circuit configuration in which electrical energy stored in the storage device is injected into the electrical supply source via the inverter.

A cartridge for an aerosol-generating system includes a storage container containing a supply of an aerosol-forming substrate, a fluid permeable heating element positioned across an opening in the storage container, a protective cover coupled to the storage container and covering the fluid permeable heating element, at least one air inlet, at least one air outlet, and an airflow path from the at least one air inlet to the at least one air outlet. The protective cover is configured such that a portion of the airflow path is between the protective cover and the fluid permeable heating element.