A rare earth magnet includes main phase grains having an R.sub.2T.sub.14B type crystal structure. The main phase grains include Ga. A concentration ratio A (A=αGa/βGa) of the main phase grains is 1.20 or more, where αGa and βGa are respectively a highest concentration of Ga and a lowest concentration of Ga in one main phase grain.

A rare earth magnet includes main phase grains having an R.sub.2T.sub.14B type crystal structure. The main phase grains include Ga. A concentration ratio A (A=αGa/βGa) of the main phase grains is 1.20 or more, where αGa and βGa are respectively a highest concentration of Ga and a lowest concentration of Ga in one main phase grain.

A rare earth magnet includes main phase grains having an R.sub.2T.sub.14B type crystal structure. The main phase grains include C. A concentration ratio A1 (A1=αC/βC) of the main phase grains is 1.50 or more, where αC and βC are respectively a highest concentration of C and a lowest concentration of C in one main phase grain.

A rare earth magnet includes main phase grains having an R.sub.2T.sub.14B type crystal structure. The main phase grains include C. A concentration ratio A1 (A1=αC/βC) of the main phase grains is 1.50 or more, where αC and βC are respectively a highest concentration of C and a lowest concentration of C in one main phase grain.

A method includes mixing first and second alloys to form a mixture, pressing the mixture within a first magnetic field to form a magnet having anisotropic particles of the first alloy aligned with a magnetic moment of the magnet, and heat treating the magnet within a second magnetic field to form elongated grains from the second alloy and align the elongated grains with the moment.

A ferrite sintered magnet 100 comprises M-type ferrite crystal grains 4 and multiple-crystal grain boundaries 6b surrounded by three or more of the M-type ferrite crystal grains 4. The ferrite sintered magnet 100 contains at least Fe, Ca, B, and Si, and contains 0.005 to 0.9 mass % of B in terms of B.sub.2O.sub.3. The multiple-crystal grain boundaries 6b contain Si and Ca, and in a case where the molar ratio of Ca to Si in the multiple-crystal grain boundaries 6b is represented by (Ca/Si).sub.G, the following formula is satisfied.

0.1<(Ca/Si).sub.G<0.9

To provide an R-T-B based sintered magnet including R: 27.5 to 34.0% by mass, RH: 2 to 10% by mass, B: 0.89 to 0.95% by mass, Ti: 0.1 to 0.2% by mass, Ga: 0.3 to 0.7% by mass, Cu: 0.07 to 0.50% by mass, Al: 0.05 to 0.50% by mass, M (M is Nb and/or Zr): 0 to 0.3% by mass, balance T, and inevitable impurities, the following inequality expressions (1), (2), and (3) being satisfied:
[T]72.3([B]0.45[Ti])>0(1)
([T]72.3([B]0.45[Ti]))/55.85<13[Ga]/69.72(2)
[Ga][Cu](3).

To provide an R-T-B based sintered magnet including R: 27.5 to 34.0% by mass, RH: 2 to 10% by mass, B: 0.89 to 0.95% by mass, Ti: 0.1 to 0.2% by mass, Ga: 0.3 to 0.7% by mass, Cu: 0.07 to 0.50% by mass, Al: 0.05 to 0.50% by mass, M (M is Nb and/or Zr): 0 to 0.3% by mass, balance T, and inevitable impurities, the following inequality expressions (1), (2), and (3) being satisfied:
[T]72.3([B]0.45[Ti])>0(1)
([T]72.3([B]0.45[Ti]))/55.85<13[Ga]/69.72(2)
[Ga][Cu](3).

A high-performance permanent magnet is provided. A permanent magnet expressed by a composition formula: (R.sub.1-xA.sub.x).sub.pFe.sub.qM.sub.rCu.sub.tCo.sub.100-p-r-t. The magnet comprises a metal structure including a plurality of crystal grains which constitutes a main phase having a Th.sub.2Zn.sub.17 crystal phase, An Fe concentration of each of the crystal grains is 28 atomic % or more. A concentration difference of the element A among the crystal grains is not less than 0.2 atomic % nor more than 3.0 atomic %.

A high-performance permanent magnet is provided. A permanent magnet expressed by a composition formula: (R.sub.1-xA.sub.x).sub.pFe.sub.qM.sub.rCu.sub.tCo.sub.100-p-r-t. The magnet comprises a metal structure including a plurality of crystal grains which constitutes a main phase having a Th.sub.2Zn.sub.17 crystal phase, An Fe concentration of each of the crystal grains is 28 atomic % or more. A concentration difference of the element A among the crystal grains is not less than 0.2 atomic % nor more than 3.0 atomic %.