This electrical steel sheet contains, as a chemical composition, by mass %, C: 0.0035% or less, Si: 2.00% to 3.50%, Mn: 2.00% to 5.00%, P: 0.050% or less, S: 0.0070% or less, Al: 0.15% or less, N: 0.0030% or less, Ni: 0% to 1.00%, Cu: 0% to 0.10%, and a remainder: Fe and impurities, in which an X-ray random intensity ratio in a {100} <011> crystal orientation on a sheet surface is 15.0 to 50.0, and magnetic flux densities in 0°, 22.5°, and 45° directions from a rolling direction each satisfy [1.005×(B.sub.50 (0°)+B.sub.50 (45°))/2≥B.sub.50 (22.5°)].

Provided is a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a film that is effective for the magnetic properties of the steel sheet and particularly effective for iron loss reduction and has favorable adhesion. In a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, an insulating film partially enters into a steel substrate to form an anchor part, a depth of the anchor part from the surface of the steel substrate is 3.5 μm or less, and a number of neck parts of 5 μm.sup.2 or less in area is 0.06/μm.sup.2 or less and a number of neck parts of 10 μm.sup.2 to 40 μm.sup.2 in area is 0.005/μm.sup.2 or more and 0.011/μm.sup.2 or less, where each neck part is a remaining part of the insulating film on the surface of the steel substrate when peeling the insulating film from the steel substrate in a bend test for the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.

A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a base steel sheet; an intermediate layer arranged in contact with the base steel sheet; and an insulation coating arranged in contact with the intermediate layer to be an outermost surface, in which the insulation coating has a crystalline phosphide-containing layer containing a crystalline phosphide in an area in contact with the intermediate layer when viewing a cross section whose cutting direction is parallel to a thickness direction.

Provided are coated metal, the metal having improved properties due to a novel coating, a coating-forming treatment solution for forming the novel coating, and a method for producing the coated metal that has the novel coating. The coated metal includes metal and a coating formed on the metal. The coating includes Si, P, and O, and at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Zn, Al, and Mn. The coating includes a compound having a NASICON-type crystal structure represented by the general formula M.sup.IM.sup.IV.sub.2(M.sup.VO.sub.4).sub.3.

Provided are coated metal, the metal having improved properties due to a novel coating, a coating-forming treatment solution for forming the novel coating, and a method for producing the coated metal that has the novel coating. The coated metal includes metal and a coating formed on the metal. The coating includes Si, P, and O, and at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Zn, Al, and Mn. The coating includes a compound having a NASICON-type crystal structure represented by the general formula M.sup.IM.sup.IV.sub.2(M.sup.VO.sub.4).sub.3.

An inductor includes a magnetic base body including soft magnetic metal particles containing iron, first and second external electrodes provided on the magnetic base body, and an internal conductor provided in the magnetic base body, with one end thereof electrically connected to the first external electrode and the other end thereof electrically connected to the second external electrode, the internal conductor extending linearly from the first external electrode to the second external electrode in plan view. The magnetic base body is configured so that a peak intensity ratio is 2 or more between a peak intensity of a first peak and a peak intensity of a second peak in a Raman spectrum obtained by using an excitation laser with a wavelength of 488 nm. The first peak is around a wave number of 712 cm.sup.−1, and the second peak is around a wave number of 1320 cm.sup.−1.

An inductor includes a magnetic base body including soft magnetic metal particles containing iron, first and second external electrodes provided on the magnetic base body, and an internal conductor provided in the magnetic base body, with one end thereof electrically connected to the first external electrode and the other end thereof electrically connected to the second external electrode, the internal conductor extending linearly from the first external electrode to the second external electrode in plan view. The magnetic base body is configured so that a peak intensity ratio is 2 or more between a peak intensity of a first peak and a peak intensity of a second peak in a Raman spectrum obtained by using an excitation laser with a wavelength of 488 nm. The first peak is around a wave number of 712 cm.sup.−1, and the second peak is around a wave number of 1320 cm.sup.−1.

A non oriented electrical steel sheet consists of a silicon steel sheet and an insulation coating. The silicon steel sheet includes an internally oxidized layer containing SiO.sub.2 in a surface thereof, an average thickness of the internally oxidized layer is 0.10 to 5.0 μm, and a vickers hardness in the internally oxidized layer is 1.15 to 1.5 times as compared with a vickers hardness in a thickness central area.

An insulating coating for an electrical steel sheet is provided that is formed on a surface of a base metal of the electrical steel sheet and that contains a polyvalent metal phosphate of one or more elements selected from Al, Zn, Mg and Ca, and has an enriched layer of a divalent metal at an interface with the surface of the base metal. An enrichment of the divalent metal contained in the enriched layer is 0.01 g/m.sup.2 or more and less than 0.2 g/m.sup.2.

An insulating coating for an electrical steel sheet is provided that is formed on a surface of a base metal of the electrical steel sheet and that contains a polyvalent metal phosphate of one or more elements selected from Al, Zn, Mg and Ca, and has an enriched layer of a divalent metal at an interface with the surface of the base metal. An enrichment of the divalent metal contained in the enriched layer is 0.01 g/m.sup.2 or more and less than 0.2 g/m.sup.2.