A plasma-treatment instrument for treating a surface with a dielectric-barrier plasma field generated between an electrode and the surface has a high a.c. voltage supplied to the electrode by a controller. The electrode forms with a dielectric surrounding the electrode a cylindrical roller that is rotatably supported in a grip housing. The plasma-treatment instrument has a shell surface and is capable of being rolled along the surface. The plasma-treatment allows an efficient and safe treatment of the surface by virtue of the fact that the electrode includes at least two partial electrodes arranged alongside one another at equal intervals from the shell surface and which are insulated from one another by the dielectric. The at least two partial electrodes are connected to different terminals of a source of high a.c. voltage.

This facility comprises a support (1) for the substrate, a pressing roll (2), capable of pressing the substrate against said support, a treatment unit positioned downstream of the pressing roll, with reference to the direction of travel of the substrate, said unit comprising injection means (37) for injecting a treatment gas towards said support and means (8) for transforming the surface of the moving substrate. According to the invention, this facility further comprises a containment cover (4) open in the direction of the support, this cover and this support defining an inner volume in which said treatment unit is received, this cover comprising a front wall called the upstream wall (42), facing towards said pressing roll, wherein the smallest distance (d2) between the end edge (42) of said upstream front wall and the pressing roll, the smallest distance (d3) between said upstream front wall (42) and the treatment unit and the smallest distance (d1) between the upstream end (39) of the treatment unit and the support (1), are such that they define a recirculation volume (VR) for the treatment gas, defined by the end edge of said upstream front wall, the pressing roll, the support and the upstream end of the treatment unit.

A post-discharge plasma coating device for a wired substrate comprising an inner tubular electrode on an inner tubular wall for receiving the substrate and a precursor moving axially in a working direction; an outer tubular electrode coaxial with, and surrounding, the inner tubular electrode. The inner and outer electrodes are configured to be supplied with an electrical power source for producing a plasma when a plasma gas is supplied between the electrodes and is thereby excited, the plasma excited gas flowing axially in the working direction and reacting with the precursor in a coating area at the end of the inner tubular wall in the direction. The inner tubular wall extends axially towards the coating area at least until, in various instances beyond, the end of the outer electrode, in the working direction and at least one dielectric tubular wall extends axially between the inner tubular electrode and the outer tubular electrode.

This sputtering cathode has a sputtering target having a tubular shape in which the cross-sectional shape thereof has a pair of long side sections facing each other, and an erosion surface facing inward. Using the sputtering target, while moving a body to be film-formed, which has a film formation region having a narrower width than the long side sections of the sputtering target, parallel to one end face of the sputtering target and at a constant speed in a direction perpendicular to the long side sections above a space surrounded by the sputtering target, discharge is performed such that a plasma circulating along the inner surface of the sputtering target is generated, and the inner surface of the long side sections of the sputtering target is sputtered by ions in the plasma generated by a sputtering gas to perform film formation in the film formation region of the body to be film-formed.

Embodiments of the subject invention relate to a small modular self-contained surface plasma device for decontamination of air and surfaces within enclosed volumes. Embodiments of the subject invention relate to a method and apparatus using the technical process of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) surface plasma generation from ambient atmosphere for decontamination of air and surfaces within enclosed volumes. The primary application mode is for preservation of perishable commodities within industrial shipping containers through reduction of surface spoilage organisms and destruction of evolved gaseous ethylene that causes premature ripening. Additional implementations include deployment for oxidation of surfaces and/or container atmospheres in applications to diminish or eradicate pesticides, toxins, chemical residues, and other natural or introduced contaminants. Other embodiments envisioned include incorporation of device capabilities and or ancillary modules for feedback input (e.g. ozone sensor(s) to maintain steady state levels, self-tuning circuitry to adjust operating frequency), communication (e.g. among modules, RFID data loggers, Wi-Fi output), and programing (e.g. user input of container volume, transit time, ozone level, etc.).

A plasma-treatment instrument for treating a surface with a dielectric-barrier plasma field generated between an electrode and the surface has a high a.c. voltage supplied to the electrode by a controller. The electrode forms with a dielectric surrounding the electrode a cylindrical roller that is rotatably supported in a grip housing. The plasma-treatment instrument has a shell surface and is capable of being rolled along the surface. The plasma-treatment allows an efficient and safe treatment of the surface by virtue of the fact that the electrode includes at least two partial electrodes arranged alongside one another at equal intervals from the shell surface and which are insulated from one another by the dielectric. The at least two partial electrodes are connected to different terminals of a source of high a.c. voltage.

A reactor furnace for coating fiber tow includes an elongate reactor having a fiber tow inlet and a fiber tow outlet; a thermo-chemical reactor section positioned along the elongate reactor; a first microwave source for directing microwave energy along the reactor from a first end of the reactor toward a second end of the reactor; a second microwave source for directing microwave energy along the reactor from the second end of the reactor toward the first end of the reactor; a gas inlet upstream of the thermo-chemical reactor; and a gas outlet downstream of the thermo-chemical reactor.

An apparatus for producing a corrosion-protected steel product, in particular a steel strip or steel sheet, is disclosed. The apparatus includes a device for plasma nitriding a steel substrate and a coating device for applying a metallic material to the steel substrate. A process for producing a corrosion-protected steel product, in particular a steel strip or steel sheet, is also disclosed, wherein a steel substrate is provided and nitrogen is diffused by plasma nitriding into the steel substrate, and wherein a metallic material is applied to the steel substrate.

Provided is a method for nitriding a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet which is very useful in obtaining excellent magnetic properties with no variation, that enables generating glow discharge between positive electrodes and negative electrodes disposed in a nitriding zone and irradiating the generated plasma to a strip to perform appropriate nitriding.

A graphene roll-to-roll coating apparatus and a graphene roll-to-roll coating method are provided on the basis of a continuous process.