An apparatus for converting power of a fuel cell for power generation to remove an open voltage of the fuel cell and a method thereof are provided. A controller links current to a system or load to reduce an open circuit voltage (OCV) of the fuel cell before power generation of the fuel cell is started, after the fuel cell is started. A power converter converts and supplies power generated by the fuel cell to the system or load. The apparatus removes an OCV of a fuel cell stack to prevent performance and life of the fuel cell from being reduced.

An apparatus for converting power of a fuel cell for power generation to remove an open voltage of the fuel cell when a failure occurs during power generation of the fuel cell and a method thereof are provided. A power converter converts and supplies power generated by the fuel cell to a system or load. A controller detects a failure occurring in the fuel cell, the power converter, or the system or load, while the fuel cell is driven, and reduces an open circuit voltage (OCV) of the fuel cell by a dummy resistor connected with an output terminal of the fuel cell, when the failure occurs in the fuel cell, the power converter, or the system or load. The apparatus removes an OCV of a fuel cell stack to prevent performance and life of the fuel cell from being reduced.

A fuel cell system includes first and second fuel cells each generating electric power using fuel gas and oxidant gas, first and second fuel gas supply devices supplying the fuel gas, first and second circulation paths circulating the discharged fuel gas to the first and second fuel cells, a communication path communicated with the first and second circulation paths, an opening/closing device causing the first and second circulation path to be communicated or to be disconnected by opening/closing the communication path, and a controller configured to determine whether there is a possibility of flooding, and when determining that there is the possibility of flooding, suspend power generation of one of the first and second fuel cells while maintaining supply of the fuel gas, and cause the opening/closing device to make the first and second circulation paths be communicated with each other.

The invention relates to a biocell (1) with a biofuel reservoir intended to be brought into contact with a liquid medium and with a fluid medium comprising an oxidant. Said biocell comprises a first electrochemical cell having: an anode (5) comprising a first enzyme capable of catalyzing the oxidation of the biofuel;—a cathode (7) comprising a second enzyme capable of catalyzing the reduction of the oxidant; and—a separating and porous membrane (3), electrically insulating, and permeable to said liquid medium, placed between the anode (5) and the cathode (7). Said biocell (1) being characterized in that it comprises a means for storing the biofuel (3) and for providing the liquid medium to the anode (5), said means comprising a hydrophilic porous material in contact with said anode (5)) and having a basis weight of 500 to 900 g/m2,

The invention relates to a biocell (1) with a biofuel reservoir intended to be brought into contact with a liquid medium and with a fluid medium comprising an oxidant. Said biocell comprises a first electrochemical cell having: an anode (5) comprising a first enzyme capable of catalyzing the oxidation of the biofuel; —a cathode (7) comprising a second enzyme capable of catalyzing the reduction of the oxidant; and —a separating and porous membrane (3), electrically insulating, and permeable to said liquid medium, placed between the anode (5) and the cathode (7). Said biocell (1) being characterized in that it comprises a means for storing the biofuel (3) and for providing the liquid medium to the anode (5), said means comprising a hydrophilic porous material in contact with said anode (5)) and having a basis weight of 500 to 900 g/m2.

A method of measuring impedance of a fuel cell stack in a vehicle during driving of the vehicle includes: determining whether an impedance measurement of the fuel cell stack is requested during driving of the vehicle driven by power of the fuel cell stack; turning off a first relay connected between the fuel cell stack and a battery charged by the fuel cell stack when the impedance measurement of the fuel cell stack is requested; connecting a stack load to the fuel cell stack via a second relay and supplying air to the fuel cell stack; and measuring the impedance of the fuel cell stack.

A fuel cell system wherein the fuel cell comprises an electrolyte membrane; wherein the electrolyte membrane is a perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membrane; wherein the controller has a data group showing a correlation between the current of the fuel cell and the temperature of the fuel cell which is necessary to keep a moisture content of the electrolyte membrane at a predetermined moisture content threshold or more; and wherein, when the temperature and voltage of the fuel cell become a predetermined first temperature threshold or more and a predetermined voltage threshold or more, respectively, the controller conducts a temperature dropping time power generation mode in which power generation is conducted while controlling the current of the fuel cell with reference to the data group, until the temperature of the fuel cell becomes a predetermined second temperature threshold which is lower than the first temperature threshold.

A power supply system controls a voltage converter of a fuel cell output unit that has started up first among a plurality of fuel cell output units so that an output voltage of the fuel cell of the fuel cell output unit or an output voltage of the voltage converter becomes a target voltage when the plurality of fuel cell output units are controlled. Further, the system controls the voltage converter of a fuel cell output unit that has started up after the fuel cell output unit that has started up first among the plurality of fuel cell output units so that an output current of the fuel cell of the fuel cell output unit or an output current of the fuel cell output unit becomes a target current.

Systems and methods for managing flow batteries utilize a battery management controller (BMC) coupled between a flow battery and a DC/DC converter, which is coupled to an electrical grid or a photovoltaic device via an inverter. The inverter converts an AC voltage to a first DC voltage and the DC/DC converter steps down the first DC voltage to a second DC voltage. The BMC includes a first power route, a second power route, and a current source converter coupled to the second power route. The BMC initializes the flow battery with a third DC voltage using the current source converter until a sensing circuit senses that the voltage of the flow battery has reached a predetermined voltage. The sensing circuit may include a capacitor, which has a small capacitance and is coupled across each cell of the flow battery, coupled in series between two resistors having very large resistances.

A vehicle includes an electric machine, a battery, an inverter, and a controller. The controller switches the inverter at a switching frequency selected to generate an AC current to heat the battery, adjusts a d-axis current of the electric machine to increase a battery heating power, and adjusts a q-axis current of the electric machine according to the adjusted d-axis current.