An illustrative example fuel cell power plant includes a cell stack assembly, a single stage convertor configured to couple the cell stack assembly to a power network, and a controller that is configured to determine whether the fuel cell power plant has a DC voltage brownout condition during an islanded mode of operation. The controller dynamically adjusts the frequency droop gain of the power plant using an offset while satisfying at least three criteria of a set of criteria consisting of (i) avoiding overloading other fuel cell power plants of the power network, (ii) avoiding exceeding a maximum load step-up capability of the power network, (iii) avoiding exceeding a maximum load step-up capability of the fuel cell power plant, (iv) maintaining a system frequency within an acceptable frequency range, and (v) avoiding repeating the DC voltage brownout condition.

A thermal management control apparatus includes: a stack cooling line configured to cool a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell electric vehicle; a battery cooling line configured to cool a battery of the fuel cell electric vehicle; a heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between a stack coolant of the stack cooling line and a battery coolant of the battery cooling line; a valve configured to control an inflow of the stack coolant to the heat exchanger; and a control apparatus. The control apparatus is configured to diagnose whether a component of the valve or the battery cooling line has failed when the battery is overheated and to control a fuel cell output to cool the stack coolant and cool the battery by using a temperature of the stack coolant when a failure of the valve or a component failure of the battery cooling line occurs.

An apparatus of controlling a multi-module fuel cell system, a system including the same, and a method thereof are provided. A first controller individually monitors at least one of an amount of accumulated power or an accumulated driving time of one or more fuel cell stacks and a second controller is configured to control power of each of the one or more, based on the amount of monitored individual accumulated power or the monitored individual accumulated driving time of the one or more fuel cell stacks depending on required power. Stack durability is ensured by controlling distribution of the fuel cell stacks.

A fuel cell power plant includes an energy storage system connected in parallel with a fuel cell system. The fuel cell system includes a controller, a fuel flow system, an air flow system, and an internal water management system. The controller is operable to receive, as inputs, the energy storage system state of charge and the power demand from an electric load. The controller is further operable to determine a power split set point and execute commands, as output, to control operation of the air flow system, wherein the air flow system actively regulates the proportion of current flow between the fuel cell system and the energy storage system to meet the power demand of the electric load.

A fuel cell vehicle is provided. The fuel cell vehicle includes a fuel cell, a junction box that is disposed on the fuel cell and includes a first bus bar, a power controller that is disposed at the rear side of the fuel cell and includes a second bus bar, and a fastening part that fastens the first bus bar and the second bus bar in a fastening space to electrically connect the junction box and the power controller to each other. One of the junction box and the power controller includes a tool inlet to allow access to the fastening space from the outside.

A carbon dioxide production system 10A includes: a fuel cell stack 16; a separation unit 20 that separates anode off-gas into a non-fuel gas including at least carbon dioxide and water and a regenerative fuel gas; a second heat exchanger 32 that separates water from the non-fuel gas; a water tank 42; and a carbon dioxide recovery tank 48 that recovers the carbon dioxide after the water has been separated.

Please substitute the new Abstract submitted herewith for the original Abstract: A method increases the safety and/or the reliability of the operation of a fuel cell stack. The method determines that the fuel cell stack is in a space with a reduced air exchange rate. The method determines consumption information with respect to an oxygen consumption of the fuel cell stack within an interval of time. The method determines, on the basis of the air exchange rate, inflow information with respect to an amount of oxygen which was supplied to the space within the interval of time. The method determines an estimated value for an oxygen content of air in the space on the basis of the consumption information and on the basis of the inflow information.

A solid oxide fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack that generates electric power through a reaction between a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas; a combustor in which anode and cathode off-gases discharged from the fuel cell stack are burned by diffusion combustion; a temperature sensor that detects temperature of the anode off-gas flowing into the combustor; and a controller. When the system is in at least one of the following states during power generation, the controller instructs the system to perform a power-generation control action for preventing failed combustion reactions: the temperature of the anode off-gas, detected by the temperature sensor, is below a first predetermined temperature for a predetermined continuous period of time; the temperature of the anode off-gas decreases by not less than a predetermined second temperature range during a predetermined period of time.

A method for controlling an output of a fuel cell stack is provided. The method includes calculating a total requirement current value to be output from a plurality of fuel cell stacks in a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) including the plurality of fuel cell stacks. The calculated total requirement current value is then allocated to each fuel cell stack based on a voltage of the fuel cell stack.

A fuel cell system includes a target pressure value for the pressure in a fuel cell is set depending on a demand output value to the fuel cell, A turbine retains a set pressure line representing a relationship between an airflow rate supplied to the turbine and a pressure ratio corresponding to a ratio of a pressure upstream of the turbine and a pressure downstream of the turbine. A controller executes a first control when the target pressure value for the fuel cell is lower than the set pressure line and executes a second control when the target pressure value for the fuel cell is higher than the set pressure line. The controller controls an outlet valve so as not to be fully opened when a turbine bypass valve is fully closed.