In some implementations, a power management controller may receive a total power request including a total power value. The power management controller may compare the total power value to a threshold. The power management controller may select between an equal load split mode or a cascaded load split mode based on the total power value. The equal load split mode may be selected if the total power value is above the threshold and the cascaded load split mode may be selected if the total power value is below the threshold.

A method and apparatus for controlling operation of at least two fuel cell systems, wherein each fuel cell system is adapted to be operated with adjustable operating dynamics and/or in an adjustable operating window defining operating constraints for the fuel cell system, wherein increasing the operating dynamics and/or the operating window is associated with an increased expected degradation of the fuel cell system and wherein reducing the operating dynamics and/or the operating window is associated with a reduced expected degradation of the fuel cell system.

The present disclosure pertains to a system (5) comprising a plurality of power converters (20-1 to 20-n) configured, via a processing device (30), to balance heat from a plurality of fuel cell stacks (10-1 to 10-n). Some embodiments may: set one or more parameter values of one of the power converters (20-1) located at the output of one of the plurality of stacks (10-1) such that the one stack preferentially provides power to a load; determine a heat power of the one stack (10-1) and of one or more other stacks of the plurality of stacks (10-2 to 10-n), each of the heat powers being determined based on a voltage and current that are determined at the input of the respective power converter (20-1 to 20-n); determine whether the heat power of the one stack (20-1) satisfies a criterion; and responsive to a determination that the heat power of the one stack satisfies the criterion, set one or more parameter values of each of the power converters (20-2 to 20-n) located at the output of the one or more other stacks such that the determined heat power of each of the one or more other stacks (10-2 to 10-n) more closely matches the determined heat power of the one stack (10-1).

The power system includes a fuel cell stack, a system accessory, a battery, and a control device. The control device executes, based on a state of a vehicle and the battery, one of the following processes: a normal power generation process during which the control device makes a net output greater than 0; a first idling stop process during which the control device makes the net output equal to or less than 0 while continuing operation of the system accessory and power generation by the stack; a second idling stop process during which the control device makes the net output less than 0 by stopping the power generation while continuing the operation of the system accessory; and a third idling atop process during which the control device makes the net output equal to 0, by stopping both the operation of the system accessory and the power generation.

A thermal management control apparatus for a fuel cell electric vehicle includes: a stack cooling line configured to cool a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell electric vehicle; a battery cooling line configured to cool a battery of the fuel cell electric vehicle; a valve configured to control an inflow of the stack coolant; and a control apparatus configured to diagnose whether a component of the valve or the battery cooling line has failed based on the battery having overheated, and configured to cool the battery based on a failure of the valve or a component failure of the battery cooling line having occurred.

A system and method for calibrating an offset of a pressure sensor for a fuel cell including one or more fuel cell modules in which power generation is individually controlled by independently supplying hydrogen or air to a fuel cell stack includes a pressure sensor to sense a pressure of the hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack, a monitoring unit which monitors whether offset calibration of the pressure sensor of the one or more fuel cell modules is required, a power generation control unit which individually controls the one or more fuel cell modules to continue or stop power generation, and a calibration control unit which calibrates the offset of the pressure sensor of the fuel cell module in a state where power generation is stopped based on a preset offset calibration period or the monitoring of the monitor unit as to whether calibration is required.

A fuel cell vehicle is disclosed. The fuel cell vehicle includes a fuel cell stack, a battery configured to store power generated through a fuel cell stack, a heater configured to heat the cooling water using the power stored in the battery, and a controller periodically activated during power-off of a vehicle and deactivated after increasing the cooling water temperature through a heater until the cooling water temperature reaches a target temperature when heating conditions determined based on a cooling water temperature and an outside air temperature are satisfied in the activated state.

A fuel cell system arranged to supply electric power to an actuator via an electric power circuit includes an anode and a cathode. A hydrogen delivery system is arranged to supply pressurized hydrogen to the anode, and has a jet pump including an injector nozzle and an ejector. The jet pump channels pressurized hydrogen from a hydrogen tank to the fuel cell. The ejector includes a venturi tube, a mixing chamber, and a secondary flow element, wherein the secondary flow element includes a first duct and a bypass duct. The venturi tube has a first fluidic inlet that is proximal to the injector nozzle, and a second fluidic inlet that is downstream from the injector nozzle of the venturi tube. The first duct is fluidly coupled to the first fluidic inlet, and the bypass duct is fluidly coupled to the second fluidic inlet of the venturi tube.

An apparatus for controlling a fuel cell includes a cooling module that cools a fuel cell stack, a first temperature sensor that measures ambient air temperature of a vehicle, and a processor that, when a cooling fan of the cooling module is detected to be defective, determines a fail-safe control method depending on a defect situation of the cooling fan, sets a first limit level depending on the ambient air temperature, sets a second limit level depending on a state of charge (SOC) of a battery and an output requirement, and controls limitation of output of the fuel cell stack, based on at least one of the fail-safe control method, the first limit level, or the second limit level.

A generated electrical output of fuel cell stacks is adjusted, in a manner so that a difference in a residual amount of fuel in fuel tanks between fuel cell engines is reduced.