An ionic liquid grafted conductive membrane for fuel cells is disclosed. In accordance with aspects, a fuel cell includes a membrane having: ionic liquid monomers physically covalently bonded to a fluorocarbon polymer substrate, and a solid-state proton conductive network configured to conduct protons above 100 C.

An ionic liquid grafted conductive membrane for fuel cells is disclosed. In accordance with aspects, a fuel cell includes a membrane having: ionic liquid monomers physically covalently bonded to a fluorocarbon polymer substrate, and a solid-state proton conductive network configured to conduct protons above 100 C.

The present invention provides an ion exchange membrane can improve the current efficiency of a redox flow battery without a drop in voltage efficiency, when used in the redox flow battery. The ion exchange membrane of the present invention is an ion exchange membrane comprising a fluorinated polymer having sulfonic acid functional groups, wherein the difference (DDc) between the distance D between ionic clusters and the diameter Dc of ionic clusters as measured by the small angle X-ray scattering is 0.60 nm or more, and the ion exchange capacity of the fluorinated polymer is 0.95 meq/gram dry resin or more.

There is provided a technique of reducing the possibility of the occurrence of wrinkles in the process of bonding strip-shaped members to each other. A long strip-shaped first member is conveyed in a longitudinal direction of the first member. A width of a long strip-shaped second member in the shorter direction of the second member is larger than a width of the first member in a shorter direction of the first member. The second member is placed such that respective ends in a shorter direction of the second member are freed. The second member is bonded to the first member being conveyed, such that the shorter direction of the first member is aligned with the shorter direction of the second member and that respective ends in the shorter direction of the first member are placed between the respective ends in the shorter direction of the second member. The second member bonded to the first member is then conveyed along with the conveyed first member.

There is provided a technique of reducing the possibility of the occurrence of wrinkles in the process of bonding strip-shaped members to each other. A long strip-shaped first member is conveyed in a longitudinal direction of the first member. A width of a long strip-shaped second member in the shorter direction of the second member is larger than a width of the first member in a shorter direction of the first member. The second member is placed such that respective ends in a shorter direction of the second member are freed. The second member is bonded to the first member being conveyed, such that the shorter direction of the first member is aligned with the shorter direction of the second member and that respective ends in the shorter direction of the first member are placed between the respective ends in the shorter direction of the second member. The second member bonded to the first member is then conveyed along with the conveyed first member.

The invention relates to polymers comprising sulfonated 2,6-diphenyl-1,4-phenylene oxide repeating units, to a method for their preparation, and to their use in a membrane electrode assembly, in a proton exchange membrane, in a fuel cell, in an electrolyser, in an electrolytic hydrogen compressor or in a flow battery. The invention further relates to a proton exchange membrane comprising said polymer and to a method for the preparation of a proton exchange membrane from said polymer. The invention also relates to the use of the polymers in ion exchange materials.

The invention relates to polymers comprising sulfonated 2,6-diphenyl-1,4-phenylene oxide repeating units, to a method for their preparation, and to their use in a membrane electrode assembly, in a proton exchange membrane, in a fuel cell, in an electrolyser, in an electrolytic hydrogen compressor or in a flow battery. The invention further relates to a proton exchange membrane comprising said polymer and to a method for the preparation of a proton exchange membrane from said polymer. The invention also relates to the use of the polymers in ion exchange materials.

The electrolyte membrane of the present disclosure includes a phase A forming a matrix phase, and a phase B. The phase B is continuous from a first principal surface of the electrolyte membrane to a second principal surface of the electrolyte membrane opposite to the first principal surface. The phase B includes a graft polymer having a main chain and a graft chain. The graft chain has a functional group having anion-exchange ability. The main chain preferably has no functional group having anion-exchange ability. The electrolyte membrane of the present disclosure can reliably maintain the function as a separation membrane even when decomposition reaction by a peroxide occurs.

The electrolyte membrane of the present disclosure includes a phase A forming a matrix phase, and a phase B. The phase B is continuous from a first principal surface of the electrolyte membrane to a second principal surface of the electrolyte membrane opposite to the first principal surface. The phase B includes a graft polymer having a main chain and a graft chain. The graft chain has a functional group having anion-exchange ability. The main chain preferably has no functional group having anion-exchange ability. The electrolyte membrane of the present disclosure can reliably maintain the function as a separation membrane even when decomposition reaction by a peroxide occurs.

A composite high-temperature proton exchange membrane for a fuel cell is prepared using materials include PBI and composite A@B and phosphoric acid. A is nanoparticles with a free radical quenching function and B is C.sub.3N.sub.4 having a nanosheet structure. The mass fraction of composite A@B is 0.05-2 wt. % and the mass ratio of A to B in A@B is 1:1-1:20. Composite A@B is firstly prepared, and A@B is then ultrasonically dispersed with a strong polar aprotic solvent to obtain a dispersion S1. PBI solution S2 is obtained from PBI and a strong polar aprotic solvent. S1 and S2 are uniformly mixed and stirred to obtain a casting solution S3, which is cast on plate glass with a groove. The membrane is then soaked in phosphoric acid after dying to obtain a composite membrane for a high-temperature proton fuel cell.