A solid oxide fuel cell assembly (SOFC) and a method for making the SOFC are provided. An exemplary method includes forming a functionalized zeolite templated carbon (ZTC). The functionalized ZTC is formed by forming a CaX zeolite, depositing carbon in the CaX zeolite using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process to form a carbon/zeolite composite, treating the carbon/zeolite composite with a solution comprising hydrofluoric acid to form a ZTC, and treating the ZTC to add catalyst sites. The functionalized ZTC is incorporated into electrodes by forming a mixture of the functionalized ZTC with a calcined solid oxide electrolyte and calcining the mixture. The method includes forming an electrode assembly, forming the SOFC assembly, and coupling the SOFC assembly to a cooling system.

A cathode configured for a solid-state battery includes a body having grains of inorganic material sintered to one another, wherein the grains comprise lithium. A thickness of the body is from 3 μm to 100 μm. The first major surface and the second major surface have an unpolished granular profile such that the profile includes grains protruding outward from the respective major surface with a height of at least 25 nm and no more than 150 μm relative to recessed portions of the respective major surface at boundaries between the respective grains.

The invention relates to a solid composite electrolyte comprising : i) at least one solid inorganic particle, ii) at least one ionic liquid electrolyte, and iii) at least one ionically non-conductive polymer, wherein the at least one solid inorganic particle i) is ionic conductive and is blended with the at least one ionic liquid electrolyte ii). The invention also relates to a process for manufacturing the solid composite electrolyte, to a solid state battery comprising the solid composite electrolyte, and to the use of said solid composite electrolyte in a solid state battery for improving ionic conductivity and mechanical properties.

An electrochemical cell includes a first electrolyte layer containing an oxide-ion conductor, a second electrolyte layer containing a proton conductor, a first electrode which is disposed between the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer and in contact with a first principal surface of the first electrolyte layer and a first principal surface of the second electrolyte layer and into which a gas flows, a second electrode which is provided on a second principal surface of the first electrolyte layer and which generates oxygen, and a third electrode which is provided on a second principal surface of the second electrolyte layer and which generates hydrogen.

A sintered composite ceramic, including: a lithium-garnet major phase; and a lithium-rich minor phase, such that the lithium-rich minor phase comprises Li.sub.xZrO.sub.(x+4)/2, with 2≤x≤10.

A super ion conductor composition is disclosed. The super ion conductor composition has the general formula: A.sub.1+xM.sub.x/2Zr.sub.2−x/2(PO.sub.4).sub.3, where each A is independently Na or Li, M is Mn or Mg, and subscript x is from 0.5 to 3. A solid electrolyte comprising the super ion conductor composition, and a method of preparing the solid electrolyte, are also disclosed. The method comprises combining a zirconium compound, a manganese or magnesium compound, a sodium compound, and a phosphate compound to give a mixture; and calcining the mixture to give the super ion conductor composition, thereby preparing the solid electrolyte. Functional materials and devices comprising the super ion conductor composition are also disclosed, including a catholyte composition, an ion conducting solid electrolyte membrane, as well as all-solid-state batteries.

The method for manufacturing a solid electrolyte using an LLZ material for a lithium-ion battery comprises the steps of: providing a starting material in which lanthanum nitrate [La(NO.sub.3).sub.3.6H.sub.2O] and zirconium nitrate [ZrO(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2O] are mixed at a mole ratio of 3:2; forming an aqueous solution by dissolving the starting material; forming a precipitate by putting ammonia, which is a complex agent, and sodium hydroxide, which adjusts the pH of a reactor, into the aqueous solution, mixing the same, and then co-precipitating the mixture; forming a primary precursor powder by cleaning, drying and pulverizing the precipitate; forming a secondary precursor powder by mixing lithium powder [LiOH.H2O] with the primary precursor powder and ball-milling the mixture so as to solidify the lithium; and forming a solid electrolyte powder by heat-treating the secondary precursor powder.

A lithium ion conductor includes a compound of Formula 1:

Li.sub.7-a*α-(b-4)*β-xM.sup.a.sub.αLa.sub.3Zr.sub.2-βM.sup.b.sub.βO.sub.12-x-δX.sub.xN.sub.δ  Formula 1 wherein in Formula 1, M.sup.a is a cationic element having a valence of a, M.sup.b is a cationic element having a valence of b, and X is an anion having a valence of −1, wherein, when M.sup.a comprises H, 0≤α≤5, otherwise 0≤α≤0.75, and wherein 0≤β≤1.5, 0≤x≤1.5, (a*α+(b−4)β+x)>0, and 0<δ≤6.

An electrochemical reaction single cell including an electrolyte layer containing Zr and at least one of Y, Sc, and Ca, an anode disposed on one side of the electrolyte layer, a cathode containing Sr and Co and disposed on the other side of the electrolyte layer, and an intermediate layer disposed between the electrolyte layer and the cathode. In the electrochemical reaction single cell, an SrZrO.sub.3 integrated value calculated by a predetermined method is 600 to 10,300. Also disclosed is an electrochemical reaction cell stack including a plurality of electrochemical reaction single cells.

A sintered composite ceramic includes: a lithium-garnet major phase; and a lithium-rich minor phase, such that the lithium-rich minor phase has Li.sub.xTiO.sub.(x+4)/2, with 0.66≤x≤4. The sintered composite ceramic may exhibit a relative density of at least 90% of a theoretical maximum density of the ceramic, an ionic conductivity of at least 0.35 mS.Math.cm.sup.−1, or a critical current density (CCD) of at least 1.0 mA.Math.cm.sup.−2.