A circuit includes a regulation circuit configured to intercept messages on a configuration channel of a universal serial bus (USB) cable between a USB source device and a USB sink device. The regulation circuit regulates a source capability message from the USB cable configuration channel based on a predetermined power capability of the USB cable.

Various aspects of the present disclosure are directed to energy accumulator emulators. In one embodiment, an energy accumulator emulator is disclosed including a DC-to-DC converter having a number of power switches, a control unit that calculates a reference current from electrical variables of the DC-to-DC converter, and a battery model connected to the control unit. The battery model receives and processes the reference current and communicates a referenced voltage to the control unit. The control unit includes a voltage controller that processes the reference voltage and controls a current, on the basis of which the control unit controls the power switches via switching pulses to control an output voltage. The energy accumulator emulator further includes a PPPC unit that is connected to the voltage controller. The PPPC unit provides a number of pulse patterns, selects a pulse pattern, and controls the power switches according to the selected pulse pattern.

Various aspects of the present disclosure are directed to energy accumulator emulators. In one embodiment, an energy accumulator emulator is disclosed including a DC-to-DC converter having a number of power switches, a control unit that calculates a reference current from electrical variables of the DC-to-DC converter, and a battery model connected to the control unit. The battery model receives and processes the reference current and communicates a referenced voltage to the control unit. The control unit includes a voltage controller that processes the reference voltage and controls a current, on the basis of which the control unit controls the power switches via switching pulses to control an output voltage. The energy accumulator emulator further includes a PPPC unit that is connected to the voltage controller. The PPPC unit provides a number of pulse patterns, selects a pulse pattern, and controls the power switches according to the selected pulse pattern.

A network and power sharing device is for being connected to first optical network equipment and second optical network equipment that are built in an optical network, so as to establish power supply architecture for the optical network. The network and power sharing device includes: a power input port and a first power port wherein the first power port is connected to the first optical network equipment; and a power control unit received in the casing, for detecting if the power input port and the first power port output power signals and for controlling a power switch unit to switch power supply transmission paths of the power input port and first power port.

A network and power sharing device is for being connected to first optical network equipment and second optical network equipment that are built in an optical network, so as to establish power supply architecture for the optical network. The network and power sharing device includes: a power input port and a first power port wherein the first power port is connected to the first optical network equipment; and a power control unit received in the casing, for detecting if the power input port and the first power port output power signals and for controlling a power switch unit to switch power supply transmission paths of the power input port and first power port.

A power supply control device includes a charge circuit, a detection circuit, and a charge control circuit. The charge circuit charges a capacitor coupled to a power supply voltage node based on a full-wave rectified voltage. The charge control circuit enables a charge mode of the charge circuit when the detection circuit detects that a power supply voltage is less than a first threshold voltage. The charge control circuit disables the charge mode when the detection circuit detects that the power supply voltage reached a second threshold voltage. The charge control circuit sets a charge capacity of the charge circuit in a second charge mode period according to a length of a first charge mode period.

A power supply control device includes a charge circuit, a detection circuit, and a charge control circuit. The charge circuit charges a capacitor coupled to a power supply voltage node based on a full-wave rectified voltage. The charge control circuit enables a charge mode of the charge circuit when the detection circuit detects that a power supply voltage is less than a first threshold voltage. The charge control circuit disables the charge mode when the detection circuit detects that the power supply voltage reached a second threshold voltage. The charge control circuit sets a charge capacity of the charge circuit in a second charge mode period according to a length of a first charge mode period.

A network and power sharing device is for being connected to first optical network equipment and second optical network equipment that are built in an optical network, so as to establish power supply architecture for the optical network. The network and power sharing device includes: a power input port and a first power port wherein the first power port is connected to the first optical network equipment; and a power control unit received in the casing, for detecting if the power input port and the first power port output power signals and for controlling a power switch unit to switch power supply transmission paths of the power input port and first power port.

A SiC epitaxial wafer includes a SiC substrate and a SiC epitaxial layer disposed on the SiC substrate. The SiC epitaxial layer includes a high carrier concentration layer and two low carrier concentration layers having lower carrier concentration than the high carrier concentration layer, and being in contact with a top surface and a bottom surface of the high carrier concentration layer to sandwich the high carrier concentration layer. A difference in carrier concentration between the high carrier concentration layer and the low carrier concentration layers is 510.sup.14/cm.sup.3 or more and 210.sup.16/cm.sup.3 or less.

This application provides a switched-capacitor converter circuit, a charging control system, and a control method. In the switched-capacitor converter circuit, input terminals of N levels of switched-capacitor converter units are sequentially connected in series, and output terminals of the N levels of switched-capacitor converter units are connected in parallel, to obtain a first power supply branch to supply power to a load. In addition, a first capacitor acts as a second power supply branch to supply power to the load, and the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch transmit power in parallel. In comparison with a serial power transmission manner, there are fewer devices on a power transmission path when a parallel power transmission manner is used. Therefore, this can reduce power losses on the transmission path, and improve transmission efficiency of the switched converter circuit.