Aspects of the instant disclosure relate to an electrophysiological catheter system for performing diagnostics and therapies within a cardiac muscle; more specifically, to a deformable body, at a distal end of a catheter, that deforms in response to a force being exerted upon a tip of the catheter. The deformation of the deformable body being measured by a measurement device, and the deformation associated with both a magnitude and vector of the force exerted upon the catheter tip.

A dual-output generator is configured to output two or more waveforms at different frequencies. In particular, the dual-output generator is configured to provide low-frequency output, which may be suitable for ultrasonic surgical instruments, and a high-frequency output, which may be suitable for electrosurgical instruments, while reducing the amplitude of all remaining frequencies other than the two selected low and high frequencies to about zero.

Treating patients with therapeutically effective electroporation requires the use of voltage potentials which when applied to the patient can be painful due to the noxious overstimulation of the afferent pain-receptive nerve fibres. An electrode assembly which includes electrodes for applying effective electroporation voltages, also comprises at least one electrode configured to apply a non-noxious, non-painful electrical stimulation which may be referred to as a “nerve block adjacent to the electroporation site.

A method of altering adipose tissue includes creating an electrochemical reaction in the tissue, wherein the electrochemical reaction occurs in the presence of an electrolytic solution in the tissue.

A multifunctional medical device, apparatus or system that is capable of perforating a surgical procedure or operation and also capable of attracting, collecting, removing or reducing debris generated by the surgical procedure or operation, on a subject The apparatus comprising a plurality of electrodes, two of which are configured to be in electrical communication with or being electrically connectable to opposite poles of a source of high voltage dc electricity to ionize, attract, collect, and remove or reduce debris. At least one of the electrodes is also configured to be part of a RF circuit to perform a surgical procedure or operation such as tissue cutting, cauterization tissue sealing or coagulating at a surgical site on the subject.

A surgical clip applier comprising an electric motor system is disclosed. The electric motor system is configured to drive a clip firing system of the surgical clip applier. The surgical clip applier further comprises a control system configured to control the electric motor system. The control system is configured to monitor a strain gauge circuit to assess the crimping force experienced by the clip firing system. In at least one instance, one or more strain gauges are mounted to a drive shaft and/or jaw of the clip firing system. The control system modifies the operation of the surgical clip applier when the voltage of the strain gauge circuit exceeds and/or falls below a threshold. In at least one instance, the control system modulates the width, or duration, of voltage pulses applied to the electric motor system to control the speed of the electric motor system.

An electrosurgical generator with a high-voltage power supply that supplies a DC output voltage receives the DC output voltage of the high-voltage power supply and generates a high-frequency AC output voltage. When generator is operating, a control unit receives signals from an AC output voltage measuring unit and current measuring unit. The control unit limits an increase of DC output voltage of the high-voltage power supply as soon one predefined maximum value is reached or exceeded. When the generator is operating, the control unit configured to receive signals from a DC output voltage measuring unit that represent a respective current value of the DC output voltage, and to compare a respective current value of DC output voltage with a predefined minimum value for DC output voltage, and to cause the DC output voltage of the high-voltage power supply to increase as soon as it falls below the predefined minimum value.

An electrosurgical system includes an end effector assembly and a sensor. The end effector assembly includes first and second jaw members each defining an electrically-conductive tissue-contacting surface. At least one of the first or second jaw members is movable relative to the other between a spaced-apart position and an approximated position for grasping tissue between the tissue-contacting surfaces thereof. The electrically-conductive tissue-contacting surfaces of the first and second jaw members are adapted to connect to a source of electrosurgical energy for conducting energy through tissue grasped therebetween to treat tissue. The sensor is configured to sense at least one property of smoke produced as a result of the conduction of energy through tissue grasped between the electrically-conductive tissue-contacting surfaces.

An electrosurgical system can include an electrosurgical generator, a feedback circuit or controller, and an electrosurgical tool. The feedback circuit can provide an electrosurgery endpoint by determining the phase end point of a tissue to be treated. The electrosurgical system can include more than one electrosurgical tool for different electrosurgical operations and can include a variety of user interface features and audio/visual performance indicators. The electrosurgical system can also power conventional bipolar electrosurgical tools and direct current surgical appliances.

Example methods and apparatuses are disclosed for providing tissue ablation through electrolysis, electroporation, or a combination thereof. A way to deliver the combination through a pulse that has an element of gradual decay and can thereby reduce both muscle contraction and electric breakdown discharge at the electrodes is disclosed. The apparatus disclosed may include an electrode, a power supply, and a controller. The controller may control a charge applied to the electrode to induce a direct current through a treatment site to produce electrolysis products and a voltage to produce electroporation. The duration and magnitude of the charge applied may determine the dose of the products and the degree of the permeabilization of cells in the treatment site.