Apparatus and methods for delivering coolant to an energy delivery device used to treat tissue with electromagnetic energy. A cooling system includes a pump that is configured to pump a coolant to the energy delivery device.

A method of ablating tissue with pulse field ablation energy includes generating a single pulse of energy between a first set of one or more conducting elements of a first polarity and a second set of one or more conducting elements of a second polarity, the single pulse of energy having a first pulse width and consecutively generating pulses of energy with opposite polarity to that of the single pulse of energy, the pulses having a collective pulse width equal to the first pulse width.

Devices, systems and methods are provided for treating conditions of the heart, particularly the occurrence of arrhythmias. The devices, systems and methods deliver therapeutic energy to portions the heart to provide tissue modification, such as to the entrances to the pulmonary veins in the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Generally, the tissue modification systems include a specialized catheter, a high voltage waveform generator and at least one distinct energy delivery algorithm. Other embodiments include conventional ablation catheters and system components to enable use with a high voltage waveform generator. Example catheter designs include a variety of delivery types including focal delivery, “one-shot” delivery and various possible combinations. In some embodiments, energy is delivered in a monopolar fashion. However, it may be appreciated that a variety of other embodiments are also provided.

A dual-output generator is configured to output two or more waveforms at different frequencies. In particular, the dual-output generator is configured to provide low-frequency output, which may be suitable for ultrasonic surgical instruments, and a high-frequency output, which may be suitable for electrosurgical instruments, while reducing the amplitude of all remaining frequencies other than the two selected low and high frequencies to about zero.

An electrosurgical system includes an instrument, an RF energy generator, and two ground pads. The instrument includes an electrode and a conductive shield that is configured to collect a capacitive coupling current that is induced by the application of RF energy to tissue by the electrode. A first electrical lead couples the first ground pad with the ground return of the conductive shield and the generator. The ground return is configured to divert a first portion of the capacitive coupling current to the generator via the first electrical lead. A second electrical lead couples the second ground pad with the ground return of the conductive shield and the generator. The ground return is configured to divert a second portion of the capacitive coupling current to the generator via the second electrical lead. The first and second portions of the capacitive coupling current are substantially equal.

An energy module is disclosed. The energy module includes a control circuit and a two wire interface coupled to the control circuit. The two wire interface is configured as a power source and as a communication interface between the energy module and a neutral electrode.

Provided is a method for managing radio frequency (RF) and ultrasonic signals output by a generator that includes a surgical instrument comprising an RF energy output and an ultrasonic energy output and a circuit configured to receive a combined RF and ultrasonic signal from the generator. The method includes receiving a combined radio frequency (RF) and ultrasonic signal from a generator, generating a RF filtered signal by filtering RF frequency content from the combined signal; filtering ultrasonic frequency content from the combined signal; generating an ultrasonic filtered signal; providing the RF filtered signal to the RF energy output; and providing the ultrasonic filtered signal to the ultrasonic energy output.

A dental treatment apparatus is a dental treatment apparatus that energizes a dental treatment site such as a root canal with a high-frequency current. Included are a holder that holds an electrode placed at the dental treatment site, a power supply that energizes the electrode with the high-frequency current, and control circuitry that causes, during the energization operation, the power supply to provide stop period where the energization of the electrode with the high-frequency current is stopped between single energization period and next single energization period.

A treatment device using a high frequency according to the present invention includes: a plurality of electrodes which transfers high frequency energy to the skin; a plurality of pads each of which is provided on one surface thereof with at least one of the electrodes; and a plurality of elastic members which independently and elastically support the other surfaces of the plurality of pads, respectively, so that plurality of electrodes can be three-dimensionally and closely attached to the curved surface of the skin. Accordingly, even when treating a body region having many curves, the attachment of the electrodes is efficiently maintained. In addition, although a hand piece moves in a state in which the plurality of pads are attached to skin, the plurality of pads can be maintained in the skin attached state while actively coping with the curves.

An ultrasonic device may include an electromechanical ultrasonic system defined by a predetermined resonant frequency, the electromechanical ultrasonic system including an ultrasonic transducer coupled to an ultrasonic blade. A method of controlling energy delivered to the ultrasonic device may include determining an impedance of the ultrasonic transducer during a transection process, analyzing the impedance of the ultrasonic transducer, profiling the ultrasonic blade based on the impedance, and adjusting a power delivered to the transducer during the transection process based on the profile of the blade. The method may further include pulsing, the power delivered to the ultrasonic transducer, determining changes in tissue characteristics of tissue located in an end effector, wherein the changes in tissue characteristics is determined between pulses, and adjusting power delivered to the ultrasonic transducer based on the tissue changes throughout the transection. An ultrasonic instrument may include components configured to effect the method.