An optical resonator for a medical laser system is provided. The optical resonator comprises a lasing medium, an optical pump, and a high-reflective (HR) and an optical coupling (OC) reflector. The HR and OC reflectors are disposed symmetrically relative to the lasing medium and the HR mirror, the OC mirror, or both the HR mirror and the OC mirror are flat mirrors. The optical resonator also includes a doped insert in which the lasing medium is disposed.

A fractional handpiece and systems thereof for skin treatment include a passively Q-switched laser assembly operatively connected to a pump laser source to receive a pump laser beam having a first wavelength and a beam splitting assembly operable to split a solid beam emitted by the passively Q-switched laser assembly and form an array of micro-beams across a segment of skin. The passively Q-switched laser assembly generates a high power sub-nanosecond pulsed laser beam having a second wavelength.

Described is a laser ablation system arranged to dynamically adjust power output to provide increased stability and reduced fluctuations of emitted energy. Additionally described are a test catheter and calibration procedure for calibrating the laser ablation system for to dynamically adjust power output during an ablation procedure.

A medical laser system for outputting laser pulses includes at least one laser cavity configured to generate at least one laser pulse, a rotating mirror configured to receive and reflect the at least one laser pulse, a beam splitter configured to receive and reflect a portion of the at least one laser pulse received from the rotating mirror, an energy-sensing device configured to detect the portion of the at least one laser pulse, an energy measurement assembly configured to generate a feedback signal based on the portion of the at least one laser pulse detected by the energy-sensing device, and a controller configured to generate an electronic control pulse based on the feedback signal received from the energy measurement assembly to generate at least one adjusted laser pulse.

A medical endodevice (1) for an intervention inside a body cavity (54) of a body of a human or animal being (5), comprising an elongated liaising structure (2; 29), an intervention tool (7), a positioning unit (3), a decoupling structure and at least two expandable members (62). The elongated liaising structure (2; 29) has a distal end (211; 2119) arrangeable in the body cavity (54) and a proximal end arrangeable outside the body while the distal end (211; 2119) is in the body cavity (54). The intervention tool (7) is arranged to manipulate a target tissue inside the human or animal body, wherein the intervention tool (7) is arranged at the distal end (211; 2119) of the liaising structure (2; 29). The positioning unit (3) has a moving formation (32) arranged to dislocate the intervention tool (7) relative to the target tissue. The decoupling structure is arranged to decouple the positioning unit (3) once it is arranged in the body cavity (54). The at least two expandable members (62) are mounted to the positioning unit (3) and configured to fix the positioning unit (3) in the body cavity (54) when being expanded.

A system includes a focus optic configured to converge an electromagnetic radiation (EMR) beam to a focal region located along an optical axis. The system also includes a detector configured to detect a signal radiation emanating from a predetermined location along the optical axis. The system additionally includes a controller configured to adjust a parameter of the EMR beam based in part on the signal radiation detected by the detector. The system also includes a window located a predetermined depth away from the focal region, between the focal region and the focus optic along the optical axis, wherein the window is configured to make contact with a surface of a tissue.

A laser can be controlled based on different tissue compositions, such as in real time. After a first time period, a first composition of a in vivo target site can be identified. Based on the first composition, a plurality of lasers can be controlled to emit light at a first wavelength where controlling includes activating a first combination of the plurality of lasers. After a second time period, a second composition of the in vivo target site different from the first composition can be identified. Based on the second composition, a plurality of lasers can be controlled to emit light at a second wavelength, such as can include activating a second combination of the plurality of lasers. The first combination of the plurality of lasers can be different from the second combination of the plurality of lasers.

A medical device may include an elongated body having a distal elongated body portion and a central longitudinal axis. The medical device may include a balloon positioned along the distal elongated body portion. The balloon may be configured to receive a fluid to inflate the balloon such that an exterior balloon surface contacts a calcified lesion within a patient's vasculature. The medical device may include one or more pressure wave emitters positioned along the central longitudinal axis of the elongated body. The one or more pressure wave emitters may be configured to propagate at least one pressure wave through the fluid to fragment the calcified lesion. At least one pressure wave emitter may include an optical fiber configured to transmit laser energy into the balloon. The laser energy may be configured to create a cavitation bubble in the fluid.

A light-based skin treatment device is for treating skin by laser induced optical breakdown of hair or skin tissue. A focusing system has an exit focusing lens for focusing the incident light beam into a focal spot in the hair or skin tissue. This lens has a central aperture. This serves to reduce back-reflectance from the lens surface, which can cause damage to the focusing system.

An apparatus for imaging and treatment of skin of a subject, comprising a frame configured to circumscribe a target region of the skin. The apparatus further comprises an imaging branch and a laser branch contained in the frame. The imaging branch has an imaging path and configured to generate an image of the target region of the skin that is in proximity to a first end of the frame. The laser branch has a laser path and is configured to radiate electromagnetic rays from a second end of the frame towards the first end for treatment of the target region of the skin. The laser branch is adapted to radiate a circular beam of electromagnetic rays at the second end of the frame, and output a polygonal beam of electromagnetic rays at the first end of the frame for treatment of the target region of the skin of the subject.