An encoding apparatus includes circuitry. The circuitry is configured to read predetermined unit image data that is a predetermined plurality of pixel units of image data; generate pixel unit code data obtained by encoding the read predetermined unit image data on a pixel basis; generate predetermined unit code data obtained by encoding the read predetermined unit image data on a predetermined unit basis; compare a code length that is a data amount of the pixel unit code data with a data amount of the predetermined unit image data to make determination; and output the predetermined unit code data in a case where the code length is greater than the data amount of the predetermined unit image data and output the pixel unit code data in a case where the code length is not greater than the data amount, on basis of a result of the determination.

An image coding device adapted to code time-continuous pictures is provided. An embedding position information conversion unit acquires embedding position information indicating a position in a picture, by using a one-way function based on time-continuous information. An image coding unit selects a coding block in the picture based on the embedding position information, embeds electronic watermark information in a coding parameter used to code the coding block, and codes the coding block by using the coding parameter in which the electronic watermark information is embedded.

An image processing method is provided for acquiring additional information from image information obtained by shooting a printed product on which the additional information is multiplexed by at least one of a plurality of different multiplexing methods, the method comprising: attempting decoding of the additional information from the image information by a plurality of different decoding methods corresponding to the plurality of different multiplexing methods; and outputting, by a unit, the additional information successfully decoded.

A cell phone is disclosed for acquiring information to be transmitted to a receiving facility and for transmitting such thereto. A capture device captures information from an external source. A processor is provided for associating with the captured information a representation of the date and time of the capture of the information, such that the representation of the date and time information in association with the captured information forms augmented captured information. The processor also places the augmented captured information in association with subscriber information in a transmission of the augmented captured information to a receiving facility requiring such subscriber information. A transmitter transmits the transmission including the augmented captured information and the subscriber information to the receiving facility. An encryptor encrypts the augmented captured information with a symmetrical encryption algorithm to provide encrypted augmented captured information in the transmission with the subscriber information.

An encoding apparatus includes circuitry. The circuitry is configured to read predetermined unit image data that is a predetermined plurality of pixel units of image data; generate pixel unit code data obtained by encoding the read predetermined unit image data on a pixel basis; generate predetermined unit code data obtained by encoding the read predetermined unit image data on a predetermined unit basis; compare a code length that is a data amount of the pixel unit code data with a data amount of the predetermined unit image data to make determination; and output the predetermined unit code data in a case where the code length is greater than the data amount of the predetermined unit image data and output the pixel unit code data in a case where the code length is not greater than the data amount, on basis of a result of the determination.

A method for preventing image modification, an image capturing device and an image verification method are disclosed. The image modification method includes: processing a compressed image of at least one frame to obtain feature data of the compressed image of the at least one frame; encrypting the feature data to generate a checksum; generating supplemental enhancement information, which at least includes a time parameter and the checksum; and transmitting and/or storing the supplemental enhancement information and the compressed image of the at least one frame together so as to verify authenticity of the compressed image of the at least one frame by using the supplemental enhancement information. The time parameter is a counter value of a counter in the image capturing device and the counter value continuously increases. With the above method, authenticity of image data can be verified.

A communication system includes a server device and a client device. The server device includes an encoding unit that encodes information about characters contained in a first image to generate an encoded image, a generation unit that generates a second image in which the generated encoded image is embedded at a position specified from a position of the characters on the first image in place of the characters, and a transmission unit that transmits the second image to the client device in response to a request for the first image from the client device. The client device includes an extraction unit that extracts the encoded image from the received second image, a decoding unit that decodes the extracted encoded image, and a replacement unit that replaces the encoded image on the second image with characters specified from decoded information to generate the first image.

A cell phone is disclosed for acquiring information to be transmitted to a receiving facility and for transmitting such thereto. A capture device captures information from an external source. A processor is provided for associating with the captured information a representation of the date and time of the capture of the information, such that the representation of the date and time information in association with the captured information forms augmented captured information. The processor also places the augmented captured information in association with subscriber information in a transmission of the augmented captured information to a receiving facility requiring such subscriber information. A transmitter transmits the transmission including the augmented captured information and the subscriber information to the receiving facility. An encryptor encrypts the augmented captured information with a symmetrical encryption algorithm to provide encrypted augmented captured information in the transmission with the subscriber information.

A method and system for hiding reversible data based on prediction errors are provided, where the method includes: partitioning an image, to obtain a shadow part and a blank part; performing a first-layer embedding process on the shadow part; performing a multi-layer embedding process on the blank part; extracting outermost layer information of the blank part after the multilayer embedding process; and extracting information of the shadow part after the first-layer embedding process. According to the method in the present disclosure, a problem of image distortion during high-capacity data embedding can be effectively solved.

A system and method adaptively lossy compresses image data by receiving a pixel of image data and meta data indicating a type of object that generated the pixel of image data, the pixel of image data includes a first byte having most significant bits of image data and a second byte having least significant bits of image data; electronically determining if the meta data associated with the pixel of image data is associated with a noisy image or indicates that the pixel of image data was generated by a specific type of object; electronically modifying the pixel of image data, when it is determined that the meta data is associated with the pixel of image data is associated with a noisy image or indicates that the pixel of image data was generated by a specific type of object, by setting a predetermined number of low bits of the pixel of image data to zero.