An image processing apparatus includes a processor. The processor is configured to set an image position of a reference image in a transport direction of a recording medium to an arbitrary position on a specific page of the recording medium. The reference image is formed using a first color and serves as a reference for an image position of an image of a second color to be formed after the image of the first color is formed. The processor is also configured to adjust the image position for the second color on an adjacent page, located adjacently upstream of the specific page in the transport direction, by using image information of the reference image formed on the specific page.

A method of generating an image on a transparent or semitransparent substrate, the method comprising analyzing a first image to be printed on a first side of the substrate to identify a region associated with a predominant color, printing, on the first side of the substrate a color patch with the identified predominant color, printing, on a second side of the substrate, a test color pattern overlapping with the color patch on the first side of the substrate, determining, in a transmission geometry, a color distribution in the color patch, and generating from the determined color distribution, for the region associated with the predominant color identified in the first image, a transmission mode color profile for printing on the second side of the substrate.

An object of one embodiment of the present disclosure is to accurately suppress a color shift. One embodiment of the present disclosure is a printing apparatus including: a print head having a nozzle column including a plurality of nozzles through which ink is ejected; an acquiring unit configured to acquire a measurement value by reading a tone patch pattern printed by the print head; and a setting unit configured to set a printing characteristic based on the measurement value and a target value, and the printing apparatus further includes a determination unit configured to determine whether or not reading has been performed normally based on a variation amount calculated by using the measurement value.

An image processing apparatus includes a reflection characteristic detector, and a gradation characteristic correction unit. The reflection characteristic detector is configured to detect reflective characteristics of respective output images on respective print media formed in a temporarily shifted manner among print media on which output images corresponding to input image data are formed. The gradation characteristic correction unit is configured to correct gradation characteristics of the input image data such that the reflection characteristics of the respective output images on the respective print media detected by the reflection characteristic detector match.

An image processing apparatus includes an image forming device, a reading device, and circuitry. The image forming device is configured to form a first pattern on a recording medium. The first pattern includes a plurality of patches in a plurality of tones. The reading device is configured to read the first pattern. The circuitry is configured to acquire read data of the first pattern from the reading device. The read data includes red, green, and blue (RGB) color space values. The circuitry is further configured to: correct the read data based on information indicating a relationship between a color and a position in the first pattern to reduce variation in readings due to a read position of the first pattern; convert the read data corrected into device-independent data; and adjust a color reproduction characteristic of the image forming device based on the device-independent data.

An image capturing device includes an image capturing unit, a movement control unit, an acquisition unit, and a generation unit. The image capturing unit includes a single-plate image sensor including color filters disposed on two-dimensionally arrayed light receiving elements, and configured to capture an image of an image capturing region on an image capturing target. The movement control unit is configured to move the image capturing region such that images of each of a plurality of pixel areas on the image capturing target are captured by light receiving elements corresponding to respective color filters of colors different from each other. The acquisition unit is configured to acquire image data of the image capturing region each time the image capturing region is moved. The generation unit is configured to generate color image data of the image capturing region from a plurality of pieces of the image data.

A spectral property acquisition apparatus includes: a first conveying device to convey an object in predetermined conveying direction; a color data acquisition device including a plurality of spectroscopic sensors in the conveying direction, the plurality of spectroscopic sensors receive light emitted and reflected by the object to acquire color data on the object; a second conveying device to convey the color data acquisition device in a direction orthogonal to the conveying direction; and circuitry to estimate a spectral property of the object based on the color data. The circuitry controls the first conveying device so as to generate predetermined tension for the object in a color data acquisition area in which the color data on the object is acquired.

In a data generating apparatus, a processor acquires offset information indicating a deviation in a colorant usage used by a specific print execution unit from a standard amount of usage. The standard amount of usage is a standard quantity concerning colorant used by print execution units. The processor controls the specific print execution unit to print a first patch image and generates first control data using first read data based on the first patch image. The processor generates corrected first control data using the offset information. The processor controls the specific print execution unit to print a second patch image using the corrected first control data and generates second control data using second read data based on the second patch image. The first and second control data is for common use in the printing processes performed on the print execution units.

A printing apparatus includes a printing unit configured to move in a scanning direction, a color measuring unit configured to move in the scanning direction with the printing unit and perform colorimetry on patches, and a control unit configured to execute a scanning operation of moving the color measuring unit to pass the color measuring unit over the patches and thus cause the color measuring unit to read a wavelength of reflected light of the patches. The color measuring unit is configured to read light corresponding to a wavelength region selected from within a wavelength region of light divided into a plurality of wavelength regions. The control unit is configured to cause the color measuring unit to read, in one scanning operation, light corresponding to a portion of the plurality of wavelength regions of light to be read, perform a plurality of the scanning operations while changing the wavelength region of light to be read by the color measuring unit, and thus complete colorimetry of the patches.

A hyperspectral imaging system, comprising an input polarizer arranged to receive and polarize a first light, a liquid crystal variable retarder to change a polarization of the first light in a wavelength-dependent manner, an output polarizer arranged to receive the wavelength-dependent polarized first light, a voltage source electrically connected to the liquid crystal variable retarder, a controller connected to the voltage source, the controller configured to control voltages applied to the liquid crystal variable retarder to control a retardance of the first light. A linear image sensor has a length extending in a direction to obtain images of the first light, the linear image sensor synchronized with the controller to collect the images as a function of retardance of the liquid crystal variable retarder after the first light passes through the output polarizer, for generation of an output signal corresponding to a portion of the linear image sensor.