The present disclosure is related to field of Fiber Feedback (FFB) technology, and provides a method and system for estimating the distance between a fiber end and a target. The method includes illuminating, by a Light Emitting, Transmitting and Detecting (LETD) system, the target with laser light of different wavelengths having low and high water absorption coefficients, using different laser light sources, as well as receiving a returned signal corresponding to the incident laser light of different wavelengths, and detecting the returned signal to measure intensity values of the returned signal of a specific wavelength. Using the measured intensity values, a processing unit may estimate distance between the fiber end and the target. The present disclosure enables accurate estimation of distance between a fiber end and the target. The present disclosure also provides a robust distance estimation technique which is compatible with different types of targets.

A laser source (101) comprises: (i) a first beam generating configuration (111, 112, 113) adapted to generate a pulsed primary ablating laser beam (162) with pulses having a first emission spectrum and a first temporal pulse width to ablate one type of tissue, (ii) a second beam generating configuration (121, 122, 123) adapted to generate a pulsed secondary ablating laser beam (163) with pulses having a second emission spectrum different from the first emission spectrum and a second temporal pulse width to ablate another type of tissue different than the one type of tissue ablated by the primary laser beam (162), (iii) a third beam generating configuration (121, 122, 123, 126) adapted to generate a pulsed analysis laser beam (161) with at least one pulse having a third emission spectrum and a third temporal pulse width shorter than the first temporal pulse width and shorter than the second temporal pulse width, and (iv) a beam directing optics (125) with beam aligning elements adapted to align the primary ablating laser beam, the secondary ablating laser beam (163) and the analysis laser beam (161) such that the laser source (101) propagates the laser beams (160) along a same propagation path.

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure include systems and methods capable of imaging, manipulating, and analyzing tissue using light, including for example, coagulating and breaking the molecular bonds (e.g. cutting) tissue.

One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a medical laser system, comprising: a first laser source comprising at least a first gain medium for generating a first optical field; and at least one first U-switch configured to control a resonance quality of the first laser source; a control circuit configured to control the first U-switch to cause the first laser source to generate the first optical field as a first pulse train of laser pulses; a second laser source for generating a second optical field as a second pulse train of laser pulses; at least one nonlinear medium for generating a third optical field by a nonlinear interaction between the first optical field and the second optical field; a sensor configured to detect a property of at least one of the optical fields; wherein the control circuit is configured to control operation of the first U-switch so as to adjust a relative timing of the laser pulses of the first pulse train and the laser pulses of the second pulse train responsive to the detected property.

A system and method for detecting relative location of a surgical laser fiber tip relative to a surgical laser target during a surgical laser procedure utilizes a spectrophotometer to detect radiation indicative of the relative location. For example, the detected radiation may indicate contact between the fiber tip and a stone being subjected to laser lithotripsy, so as to prompt the surgeon to withdraw the fiber tip from the stone and/or take other action to limit contact-induced erosion of the fiber tip, and to avoid saturation of the endoscope camera resulting from the flash that occurs following contact. In addition, the absence of any detected radiation by the spectrophotometer may be used to indicate that the stone is no longer present, or that the fiber tip is no longer aimed at the stone, prompting the operator to reposition the fiber and/or temporarily cease firing of the laser. The main surgical laser may be a pulsed Holmium laser, which is delivered to the target through the optical fiber together with a pulsed 532 nm aiming beam.

A system for direct imaging and diagnosing of abnormal cells in a target tissue includes a disposable optical speculum and an image acquisition system having the speculum assembled on and mechanically secured thereto. The image acquisition system is arranged to capture at least one of a single image or multiple images or video of cells within the target tissue using at least one of bright field or dark field ring illumination divided into independently operated segments to obtain a plurality of data sets. An image analysis and control unit in communication with the image acquisition system analyzes the data sets and applies algorithms to the data sets for diagnosing abnormal cells.

A dental laser comprises a hand piece having a grip region and a treatment tip with an outlet point, arranged at a distal end, for laser light, and further comprises a light source and light conduction means for providing laser light at the outlet point. The laser light has a wavelength of 44520 nm, in particular, 44510 nm and more particularly 4455 nm, and an optical power output is provided at the outlet point in a power range of at least 2 W, advantageously at least 3 W and, in particular, 3.5 W. In another dental laser the laser light has a wavelength of 41010 nm, and an optical power output is provided at the outlet point in a power range of no less than 1 W to no more than 2 W.

Dermatological systems and methods for providing a picosecond laser treatment a plurality of treatment wavelengths, at least one of which is provide by an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) capable of providing picosecond laser pulses at a wavelength in the red region of the visible electromagnetic spectrum for treating one or more target tissue types. In some embodiments, the OPO is capable of providing picosecond laser pulses at a wavelength in one of the near-infrared and the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Dermatological systems and methods for providing a picosecond laser treatment a plurality of treatment wavelengths, at least one of which is provide by an optical parametric oscillator (OPO).

A system for direct imaging and diagnosing of abnormal cells in a target tissue includes a disposable optical speculum and an image acquisition system having the speculum assembled on and mechanically secured thereto. The image acquisition system is arranged to capture at least one of a single image or multiple images or video of cells within the target tissue using at least one of bright field or dark field ring illumination divided into independently operated segments to obtain a plurality of data sets. An image analysis and control unit in communication with the image acquisition system analyzes the data sets and applies algorithms to the data sets for diagnosing abnormal cells.