Disclosed herein are methods to restore myocardial conduction via the injection of conductive nanoparticles into the myocardium via an endovascular injection catheter.

Described herein are systems and methods for performing optical signal analysis and lesion predictions in ablations. A system includes a catheter coupled to a plurality of optical fibers via a connector that interfaces with a computing device. The computing device includes a memory and a processor configured to receive optical measurement data of a portion of tissue from the catheter. The processor identifies one or more optical properties of the portion of tissue by analyzing the optical measurement data and determines a time of denaturation of the portion of tissue based on the one or more optical properties. A model is created to represent a correlation between lesion depths and ablation times using the time of denaturation, the one or more optical properties, and the predetermined period of time. A predicted lesion depth for a predetermined ablation time is generated using the model.

Described herein are systems and methods for performing optical signal analysis and lesion predictions in ablations. A system includes a catheter coupled to a plurality of optical fibers via a connector that interfaces with a computing device. The computing device includes a memory and a processor configured to receive optical measurement data of a portion of tissue from the catheter. The processor identifies one or more optical properties of the portion of tissue by analyzing the optical measurement data and determines a time of denaturation of the portion of tissue based on the one or more optical properties. A model is created to represent a correlation between lesion depths and ablation times using the time of denaturation, the one or more optical properties, and the predetermined period of time. A predicted lesion depth for a predetermined ablation time is generated using the model.

The present disclosure includes catheter systems and methods for treatment of occlusions, including coronary artery chronic total occlusions. The catheter system comprises a catheter coupled to a control system with a distal end inserted into a patient and proximal to a location within a blood vessel with an occlusion. The catheter comprises a flexible outer sheath surrounding a housing with a plurality of lumens to perform various functions to penetrate occlusions.

A catheter system includes a catheter having an elongate shaft, a balloon and a light guide. The balloon expands from a collapsed configuration to a first expanded configuration. The light guide is disposed along the elongate shaft and is in optical communication with a light source and a balloon fluid. A first portion of the light guide extends into a recess defined by the elongate shaft. A protection structure is disposed within the recess and is in contact with the first portion of the light guide. The light source provides pulses of light to the balloon fluid, thereby initiating plasma formation and rapid bubble formation within the balloon, thereby imparting pressure waves upon a treatment site. The protection structure can provide structural protection from the pressure waves to the first portion of the light guide.

An optical fiber connection state determination system determines a state of connection between a first optical fiber configured to propagate a test light input from a light source and a second optical fiber in a connector configured to detachably connect an output side from which the test light is output in the first optical fiber and an input side of the second optical fiber to which the test light propagated by the first optical fiber and output from the first optical fiber is input, and includes: a measurement unit configured to measure an intensity of a reflected light reflected and propagating thorough the first optical fiber in the test light; and a determination unit configured to determine the state of connection between the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber in the connector based on the intensity measured by the measurement unit.

A system includes, first and second circuitries and one or more devices. The first circuitry is configured to generate a stress signal for reducing an impedance of tissue of an organ. The second circuitry is configured to generate an irreversible electroporation (IRE) signal for producing a lesion in the tissue. The one or more devices are configured to apply to the tissue, the stress signal at a first time interval, and the IRE signal at a second time interval, subsequent to the first time interval.

A system includes, first and second circuitries and one or more devices. The first circuitry is configured to generate a stress signal for reducing an impedance of tissue of an organ. The second circuitry is configured to generate an irreversible electroporation (IRE) signal for producing a lesion in the tissue. The one or more devices are configured to apply to the tissue, the stress signal at a first time interval, and the IRE signal at a second time interval, subsequent to the first time interval.

A medical laser system for outputting laser pulses includes at least one laser cavity, a rotating mirror, a user interface, and a controller. The controller is configured to receive at least one laser parameter associated with a laser pulse output by the system. The controller is configured to determine an average power level of the laser pulse based on the at least one laser parameter associated with the laser pulse. The controller is configured to determine a pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal based on at least one laser parameter. The controller is configured to generate the laser pulse based on the average power level and the PWM control signal, the laser pulse comprising at least one of a first shape, a second shape, or a third shape. Each of the first shape, the second shape, and the third shape of the laser pulse includes different pulse widths.

A medical laser system for outputting laser pulses includes at least one laser cavity, a rotating mirror, a user interface, and a controller. The controller is configured to receive at least one laser parameter associated with a laser pulse output by the system. The controller is configured to determine an average power level of the laser pulse based on the at least one laser parameter associated with the laser pulse. The controller is configured to determine a pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal based on at least one laser parameter. The controller is configured to generate the laser pulse based on the average power level and the PWM control signal, the laser pulse comprising at least one of a first shape, a second shape, or a third shape. Each of the first shape, the second shape, and the third shape of the laser pulse includes different pulse widths.