A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a steel sheet; and an amorphous oxide layer that is formed on the steel sheet, in which a glossiness of a surface is 150% or higher.

A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: in wt %, Si at 1.0 to 7.0%, Mn at 0.5% or less (excluding 0%), Al at 0.005% or less (excluding 0%), S at 0.0055% or less (excluding 0%), one or more of Ba and Y at 0.005 to 0.5%, one or more of Sn at 0.02 to 0.15%, Sb at 0.01 to 0.08%, and Ni at 0.02 to 0.5%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.

Embodiments of the present invention comprise; annealing steel sheets (e.g., hot rolled steel sheets or thin cast strip steel); cold rolling the sheets in one or more cold rolling steps (e.g., with annealing steps between multiple cold rolling steps); and performing one or more of tension leveling, a rough rolling, or a coating process on the sheets after cold rolling, without an intermediate annealing step between the final cold rolling step and the tension leveling, the rough rolling, or the coating process, or the customer stamping or final customer annealing. In order to achieve the desired properties for the steel sheet, stamping and final annealing is performed by the customer. The new process provides an electrical steel with the similar, same, or better magnetic properties than an electrical steel manufactured using the traditional processing that utilizes an intermediate annealing step after cold rolling and before the stamping and final annealing.

A soft magnetic alloy having a good combination of formability and magnetic properties is disclosed. The alloy has the formula

Fe.sub.100-a-b-c-d-e-fSi.sub.aM.sub.bL.sub.cM′.sub.dM″.sub.eR.sub.f

wherein M is Cr and/or Mo; L is Co and/or Ni; M′ is one or more of Al, Mn, Cu, Ge, Ga; M″ is one or more of Ti, V, Hf, Nb, W; and R is one or more of B, Zr, Mg, P, Ce. The elements Si, M, L, M′, M″, and R have the following ranges in weight percent:

TABLE-US-00001 Si   4-7 M 0.1-7 L 0.1-10 M′ up to 7 M″ up to 7 R up to 1

The balance of the alloy is iron and usual impurities. A thin-gauge article made from the alloy and a method of making the thin-gauge article are also disclosed.

A non-grain oriented electrical steel sheet according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes Si: 1.0 to 4.0%, Mn: 0.1 to 1.0%, Al: 0.1 to 1.5%, Zn: 0.001 to 0.01% B: 0.0005 to 0.005%, and a balance including Fe and inevitable impurities.

Embodiments of the present invention comprise; annealing steel sheets (e.g., hot rolled steel sheets or thin cast strip steel); cold rolling the sheets in one or more cold rolling steps (e.g., with annealing steps between multiple cold rolling steps); and performing one or more of tension leveling, a rough rolling, or a coating process on the sheets after cold rolling, without an intermediate annealing step between the final cold rolling step and the tension leveling, the rough rolling, or the coating process, or the customer stamping or final customer annealing. In order to achieve the desired properties for the steel sheet, stamping and final annealing is performed by the customer. The new process provides an electrical steel with the similar, same, or better magnetic properties than an electrical steel manufactured using the traditional processing that utilizes an intermediate annealing step after cold rolling and before the stamping and final annealing.

A non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes at least one of 2.0 to 3.5% of Si, 0.3 to 3.5% of Al, 0.2 to 4.5% of Mn, 0.0030 to 0.2% of Sn, 0.0030 to 0.15% of Sb, 0.0040 to 0.18% of P, 0.0005 to 0.02% of Zn, and 0.0005 to 0.01% of Y for wt %, a remainder of Fe, and inevitable impurities, and satisfying Formula 1:
0.05≤([Sn]+[Sb])/[P]≤25  [Formula 1]
(here, [Sn], [Sb], and [P] represent contents (wt %) of Sn, Sb, and P.)

A non oriented electrical steel sheet includes, as a chemical composition, by mass %, 1.0% or more and 5.0% or less of Si, wherein a sheet thickness is 0.10 mm or more and 0.35 mm or less, an average grain size is 30 μm or more and 200 μm or less, an X1 value defined by X1=(2×B.sub.50L+B.sub.50C)/(3×I.sub.S) is less than 0.845, an E1 value defined by E1=E.sub.L/E.sub.C is 0.930 or more, and an iron loss W.sub.10/1k is 80 W/kg or less.

Provided are a non-oriented electrical steel sheet with which it is possible to improve steel sheet transferability even when punching is performed successively at high speed, and a method of manufacturing a stacked core using the same. The non-oriented electrical steel sheet contains, by mass percent, Si: 2.0 to 5.0%, Mn: 0.4 to 5.0%, Al≤3.0%, C: 0.0008 to 0.0100%, N≤0.0030%, S≤0.0030%, and Ti≤0.0060%, wherein the product of the contents of Mn and C is 0.004 to 0.05 mass %.sup.2, the yield strength in rolling direction is more than or equal to 600 MPa, and the Young's modulus is more than or equal to 200 GPa. In the method of manufacturing a stacked core, when manufacturing a stacked core using a progressive die, the steel sheet transfer speed V (m/s) satisfies expression (1). V: V.sub.MIN to V.sub.MAX (1) V.sub.MAX=( 1/25)√(t.sup.2×E×YS) (2) V.sub.MIN=( 1/25)√(t.sup.2×120000) (3) t: Steel sheet thickness (mm), E: Young's ratio (GPa), YS: Yield strength (MPa).

A non oriented electrical steel sheet includes, as a chemical composition, by mass %, 1.0% or more and 5.0% or less of Si, wherein a sheet thickness is 0.10 mm or more and 0.35 mm or less, an average grain size is 30 μm or more and 200 μm or less, an X1 value defined by X=(2×B.sub.50L+B.sub.50C)/(3×I.sub.S) is less than 0.845, an X2 value defined by X2=(B.sub.50L+2×B.sub.50D+B.sub.50C)/(4×I.sub.S) is 0.800 or more, and an iron loss W.sub.10/1k is 80 W/kg or less.