A surgical instrument system that includes a housing and a rotatable drive shaft, a motor operably coupled to the drive shaft, and a plurality of replaceable end effectors that can be connected to the housing. Each replaceable end effector includes a drive screw that is turned a fixed number of revolutions by the motor-driven rotatable drive shaft when the end effector is connected to the housing. Each end effector further comprises a firing member operably coupled with the drive screw of the end effector. The drive screw is configured to displace the firing member over a firing length as a result of the fixed number of revolutions. In certain embodiments, each replaceable end effector can include a drive screw with a thread pitch set to the firing length divided by the fixed number of revolutions.

Generally, a system for use in a robotic surgical system may be used to determine an attachment state between a tool driver, sterile adapter, and surgical tool of the system. The system may include sensors used to generate attachment data corresponding to the attachment state. The attachment state may be used to control operation of the tool driver and surgical tool. In some variations, one or more of the attachment states may be visually output to an operator using one or more of the tool driver, sterile adapter, and surgical tool. In some variations, the tool driver and surgical tool may include electronic communication devices configured to be in close proximity when the surgical tool is attached to the sterile adapter and tool driver.

Generally, a sterile adapter for use in robotic surgery may include a frame configured to be interposed between a tool driver and a surgical tool, a plate assembly coupled to the frame, and at least one rotatable coupler supported by the plate assembly and configured to communicate torque from an output drive of the tool driver to an input drive of the surgical tool.

An ultrasonic surgical device includes a power source configured to generate power, an ultrasonic transducer electrically coupled to the power source and generating ultrasonic motion in response to the generated power, a sensor sensing current of the generated power supplied to the ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic probe mechanically couplable to the ultrasonic transducer, and a controller that receive a sensed current from the sensor, performs a frequency response analysis based on the sensed current, calculates a first resonant frequency and a first anti-resonant frequency of the transducer prior to coupling the ultrasonic probe based on the frequency response analysis, calculates a second resonant and second anti-resonant frequencies of the transducer based on the frequency response analysis prior to determining coupling to the ultrasonic transducer, and determines whether the ultrasonic probe is mechanically coupled to the ultrasonic transducer based on the first and second resonant and anti-resonant frequencies.

Generally, a sterile adapter for use in robotic surgery may include a frame configured to be interposed between a tool driver and a surgical tool, a plate assembly coupled to the frame, and at least one rotatable coupler supported by the plate assembly and configured to communicate torque from an output drive of the tool driver to an input drive of the surgical tool.

A surgical instrument system that includes a housing and a rotatable drive shaft, a motor operably coupled to the drive shaft, and a plurality of replaceable end effectors that can be connected to the housing. Each replaceable end effector includes a drive screw that is turned a fixed number of revolutions by the motor-driven rotatable drive shaft when the end effector is connected to the housing. Each end effector further comprises a firing member operably coupled with the drive screw of the end effector. The drive screw is configured to displace the firing member over a firing length as a result of the fixed number of revolutions. In certain embodiments, each replaceable end effector can include a drive screw with a thread pitch set to the firing length divided by the fixed number of revolutions.

A system comprises an instrument carriage configured to support an instrument. The instrument comprises a joint output and an input coupling configured to move the joint output. The instrument carriage comprises an actuating element. The actuating element comprises a drive input and an actuator coupled to drive the drive input. The drive input is configured to engage the input coupling. The system also comprises a control system configured to drive the drive input with the actuator and determine whether the drive input has engaged the input coupling based on a determination of whether the actuator experiences a resistance greater than a resistance threshold.

A medical instrument according to the present disclosure includes: a contact portion configured to contact body tissue; a drive unit configured to generate drive force for causing the contact portion to contact the body tissue; and a limiter mechanism configured to impose restriction on transmission of the drive force to the contact portion, in accordance with contact force of the contact portion with respect to the body tissue. This configuration makes it possible to restrict force applied to body tissue during surgery, and to reduce failure risk, with a simple configuration.

A tool assembly includes a cartridge assembly, a shell, and an anvil assembly. The shell houses the cartridge assembly and defines a passage. The shell includes alignment splines that are disposed within the passage and define channels between adjacent alignment splines. The anvil assembly includes an anvil and a center rod that extends from the anvil. The center rod defines a longitudinal axis and includes a first spline and second splines. The first spline includes a first leading facet that is configured to engage the alignment splines to clock the anvil assembly relative to the cartridge assembly. The second splines are radially spaced apart about the longitudinal axis. Each of the second splines includes a leading end that defines a plane that is substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis. The leading end is configured to crash with the alignments spines when the anvil assembly is misaligned with the cartridge assembly.

A surgical instrument system can include an end effector and a staple cartridge which is removably insertable into the end effector. The staple cartridge includes a sled movable from an unfired position to a fired position to eject staples removably stored in the staple cartridge. In various instances, the sled can be inadvertently advanced from its unfired position when the staple cartridge is positioned in the end effector, for example. The surgical instrument system further comprises one or more sensors configured to detect whether the sled is in its unfired position and/or whether the staple cartridge has been mis-inserted into the end effector. The one or more sensors can also determine whether the staple cartridge has been fully seated in the cartridge channel.