A system is provided for increasing skin rejuvenation of a region of a patient's skin comprising a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) frequency generator for constantly providing electromagnetic pulses to said region of a patient's skin and a deep tissue diathermy device for constantly applying heat to said region of a patient's skin up to temperature T. The system is adapted for simultaneously applying heat and PEMF to the region of a patient's skin. Application of the system increases skin rejuvenation such that the skin rejuvenation increase (SRI) is greater than the sum of the SRI provided by electromagnetic pulses increase and the SRI provided by the deep tissue diathermy device increase.

A system for working biological tissue, the system comprising: a tool comprising a laser operable to perform at least one action of work; positioning means for positioning the tool relative to the biological tissue to perform the at least one action of work; a controller; storage storing electronic program instructions for controlling the controller; and an input means; wherein the controller is operable, under control of the electronic program instructions, to: receive input via the input means; process the input and, on the basis of the processing, control the positioning means and the tool to work the biological tissue.

Methods and systems for monitoring a rod reduction process is provided. The methods and systems include determining, based on at least one parameter, a threshold for forces exerted by a tool on a rod or a pedicle screw and receiving data corresponding to a magnitude of the forces exerted by the tool on the pedicle screw or the rod during reduction of the rod into a head of the pedicle screw. A surgical plan may be updated when the monitored magnitude meets the threshold.

An OCT scanning probe includes a tubular housing, at least one electrode, an optical fiber scanner and an auxiliary localization component. The electrode is disposed on an outer surface of the tubular housing. The optical fiber scanner is disposed in the tubular housing and includes an optical fiber and an optical element. The optical element is disposed on an emitting end of the optical fiber and at corresponding position to a light transmittable portion of the tubular housing. The auxiliary localization component is disposed on the tubular housing, and overlaps part of the light transmittable portion. A light beam emitted from the optical fiber scanner passes through the light transmittable portion to obtain a tomographic image. An interaction of the light beam with the auxiliary localization component causes a characteristic in the tomographic image, with the characteristic corresponding to the auxiliary localization component.

A described example provides an ablation catheter including an elongate tubular body having spaced apart proximal and distal ends and a lumen extending through the elongate tubular body. An ablation electrode extends from the distal end of the elongate tubular body to terminate in a distal end thereof. An elongate optical imaging probe extends through the lumen of the elongate tubular body and terminates in a distal end that is spaced a distance from the distal end of the ablation electrode. A flexible tubing extends over a length of the probe and configured to permit at least rotational movement of the probe within the flexible tubing. A distal end portion of the flexible tubing can be held at an axial position relative to the elongate tubular body to fix the distance between the distal end of the probe and the distal end of the ablation electrode.

A laser or ultrasonic instrument is used to remove tissue during a surgery, such as to form one or more pilot holes in a vertebra or a window in bone. Where a laser is used, interrogative laser pulses can be used to obtain information, such as detecting depth or tissue type.

What is provided are methods of analyzing at least one image of the anterior segment of an eye and for selecting an intraocular lens (IOL). The methods may include detecting at least one image from an anterior segment of the eye; identifying a location of a reference structure on the eye using a plurality of points of a landmark on the anterior segment of the eye; and calculating at least one quantitative dimension of the anterior segment of the eye using the reference structure. The newly identified landmarks and quantifiable dimensions improve the characterization of the anterior segment in order to better predict the position and movement of the intraocular lens. The improved methods for analyzing the imaging of the anterior segment of the eye allows for improvements in the refractive outcomes of cataract surgery, glaucoma procedures, refractive outcomes, and other eye-related diseases.

An atherectomy catheter includes an elongate flexible catheter body, a cutter near the distal end of the catheter body, a drive shaft connected to the cutter and extending within the catheter body, an imaging element near the distal end of the catheter body.

The navigation systems and methods facilitate aligning a tool in relation to a trajectory in real-time to receive input data from a pre-operative plan image, at least one multi-modal image, and at least one real-time multi-modal image; interactively track at least one neural fiber, whereby interactively tracked fiber data is obtainable; automatically generate output data by way of data transformation using the input data and the interactively tracked neural fiber data; and transmit the output data to at least one of: at least one display device for rendering at least one real-time interactive navigation display for facilitating neural navigation, and at least one drive device for positioning at least one tracking device in relation to the tool in real-time, whereby real-time alignment data is achievable, and whereby at least one neurological structure is preservable.

In part, the disclosure relates to systems and methods to assess stent/scaffold expansion in a vessel on an expedited time scale after stent/scaffold placement and expansion. In one embodiment, the method generates a first representation of a stented segment of the blood vessel indicative of a level of stent expansion; determines using the detected stent struts, a first end of the stent and a second end of the stent; and generate a second representation of the segment of the blood vessel by interpolating a lumen profile using an offset distance from the first end and the second end.