Methods, apparatuses, and systems for robotic insertion of a screw, a rod, or another component of a surgical implant into a patient are disclosed. Synchronous insertion of screws is performed by multiple surgical robots or a single surgical robot having multiple arms and end effectors. The movements of each robotic arm are coordinated into position in preparation of the insertion of multiple surgical implant components at the same time or in the same surgical step. The insertion of the surgical implant components is performed while monitoring the insertion progress. The insertion is completed autonomously or in coordination with a surgeon.

The systems and methods of the present disclosure are used for guiding a medical instrument towards a target, the method positioning a medical instrument at a first location within a patient anatomy, wherein the medical instrument comprises at least one sensor, determining a first biomarker measurement using the at least one sensor, determining a second biomarker measurement using the at least one sensor, comparing the first biomarker measurement with the second biomarker measurement to determine a proximity to the target to provide a first comparison, and providing guidance for moving the medical instrument based on results of the first comparison.

A system is suggested comprising an optical sensing means and a processing unit. The optical sensing means may include an optical guide with a distal end, wherein the optical guide may be configured to be arranged in a device to be inserted into tissue in a region of interest. The processing unit may be configured to receive information of a region of interest including different tissue types as well as of a path through the tissues, to determine a sequence of tissue types along the path, to determine a tissue type at the distal end of the optical guide based on information received from the optical sensing means, to compare the determined tissue type with the tissue types on the path, to determine possible positions of the distal end of the optical guide on the path based on the comparison of tissue types, and to generate a signal indicative for the possible positions.

Methods, apparatuses, and systems for robotic insertion of a screw, a rod, or another component of a surgical implant into a patient are disclosed. Synchronous insertion of screws is performed by multiple surgical robots or a single surgical robot having multiple arms and end effectors. The movements of each robotic arm are coordinated into position in preparation of the insertion of multiple surgical implant components at the same time or in the same surgical step. The insertion of the surgical implant components is performed while monitoring the insertion progress. The insertion is completed autonomously or in coordination with a surgeon.

Systems and methods are disclosed for identifying anatomically relevant blood flow characteristics in a patient. One method includes: receiving, in an electronic storage medium, a patient-specific representation of at least a portion of vasculature of the patient having a lesion at one or more points; receiving values for one or more metrics of interest associated with one or more locations in the vasculature of the patient; receiving one or more observed lumen measurements of the vasculature of the patient; determining the location of a diseased region in the vasculature of the patient using the received values for the one or more metrics of interest, wherein the determination of the location includes predicting or receiving one or more healthy lumen measurements of the vasculature of the patient; determining the extent of the diseased region; and generating a visualization of at least the diseased region.

A floating optical fiber connector interface generally includes a retention bracket, a translating socket slidingly associated with the retention bracket, and a biasing element positioned between the retention bracket and the translating socket. A tab portion may permit translation of the translating socket with respect to the retention bracket, and an aperture configured to receive a carriage optical fiber connector. The translating socket may translate with respect to the retention bracket within a plane and may further translate in the insertion direction, and the biasing element may resist translation of the translating socket. An alignment plate may be configured to align an instrument interface for connection to a carriage, including a telescoping standoff operable to position the plate at a first position in which the plate is spaced apart from the carriage and to position the plate at a second position in which the plate is adjacent to the carriage.

Embodiments of the disclosure include apparatuses, systems, and methods for a catheter with a single element for both imaging and interventions. The catheter may have a distal tip which is positionable in a patient (e.g., in a lumen of a vessel). The distal tip may have an optical component which includes both a reflecting surface and a tapered distal end. The reflecting surface may redirect light (e.g., light received along an optical fiber of the catheter) into an imaging beam, which may be directed to a wall of the vessel. The tapered distal end may be a crossing tool used to cross an occluded or partially-occluded section of the vessel. In some embodiments, the reflecting surface and tapered distal end may be the same surface of the optical component. A low refractive index optical filler may be provided to reduce image artifacts at the imaging interface with the patient's fluid and tissue.

A system includes a laser catheter and a rotating optical member to receive a laser beam along an optical path and rotate to a selected position to redirect the laser beam from the optical path onto one or more selected optical fibers of a laser catheter, wherein a distal end of the laser catheter irradiates an endovascular structure.

Surgical devices and methods for utilizing optical coherence tomography (OCT) to monitor and control tissue sealing are disclosed. The surgical device includes an end effector assembly that includes first and second jaw members that are movable between a first, spaced-apart position and a second proximate position. An OCT system, at least a portion of which is incorporated into the end effector assembly, is configured to sense properties of the tissue, e.g., the structural density of the tissue, disposed between the first and second jaw members. A tissue-sealing energy source may be disposed within at least one of the jaw members and may provide tissue-sealing energy to tissue disposed between the jaw members. A controller, which is coupled to the OCT system and the tissue-sealing energy source, controls the tissue-sealing energy generated by the tissue-sealing energy source based on the properties of the tissue sensed by the OCT system.

Disclosed herein is a system for ablating and characterizing tissue. The system comprises an ablation element configured to emit ablative energy toward a tissue of interest, an imaging apparatus configured to emit energy and collect imaging data including reflected signals from the tissue of interest, and a characterization application. The characterization application comprises a signal analyzer for analyzing the imaging data and determining one or more signal properties from the reflected signals, and a correlation processor configured to associate the one or more signal properties to pre-determined tissue signal properties of different tissue components through a pattern recognition technique. The pre-determined tissue signal properties are embodied in a database, and the correlation processor is configured to identify a tissue component and an ablation level of the tissue of interest based on the pattern recognition technique.