A medical honeycomb structure lacking at least a portion of an outer peripheral side wall of a honeycomb structure that includes a plurality of through-holes extending in one direction, wherein sites lacking the outer peripheral side wall have a plurality of grooves, and have a plurality of planes including distant surfaces of groove side walls flanked by the grooves.

A method for removing a stem portion of an orthopedic implant from a bone comprises exposing an implanted orthopedic implant having a body portion, a stem portion interconnected to the body and a porous metal section forming an interconnection between the body and the stem portion. A cutting tool is mounted on a holder connected to an exposed surface of the orthopedic implant. The porous section is aligned with the cutting tool mounted on the holder. The entire porous section is cut by moving the cutting tool therethrough in a direction transverse to the stem portion axis. The implant body portion is then removed and then the stem portion is removed from the bone. The cutting tool may be a saw or chisel which may be mounted on a guide fixed to the body portion.

The present invention disclosed a method of producing a three-dimensional porous tissue in-growth structure. The method includes the steps of depositing a first layer of metal powder and scanning the first layer of metal powder with a laser beam to form a portion of a plurality of predetermined unit cells. Depositing at least one additional layer of metal powder onto a previous layer and repeating the step of scanning a laser beam for at least one of the additional layers in order to continuing forming the predetermined unit cells. The method further includes continuing the depositing and scanning steps to form a medical implant.

A bone implant for enclosing bone material is provided. The bone implant comprises a nonwoven mesh having an inner surface and an outer surface opposing the inner surface and configured to receive a bone material when the inner surface of the mesh is in an open configuration. A plurality of projections are disposed on or in at least a portion of the inner surface of the mesh, the outer surface of the mesh or both the inner and outer surfaces of the mesh, the plurality of projections extending from at least the portion of the inner surface, the outer surface of the mesh or both the inner and outer surfaces of the mesh and are configured to engage a section of the inner surface of the mesh or a section of the outer surface of the mesh or both in a closed configuration so as to enclose the bone material.

A bone implant for enclosing bone material is provided. The bone implant comprises a woven or knit mesh having an inner surface and an outer surface opposing the inner surface and configured to receive a bone material when the inner surface of the mesh is in an open configuration. A plurality of projections are disposed on or in at least a portion of the inner surface of the mesh, the outer surface of the mesh or both the inner and outer surfaces of the mesh, the plurality of projections extending from at least the portion of the inner surface, the outer surface or both the inner and outer surfaces of the mesh and are configured to engage a section of the inner or outer surfaces of the mesh or both in a closed configuration so as to enclose the bone material.

An interbody spacer for spinal fusion surgery includes first and second opposite side walls that have open-cell metal foam at upper and lower faces, and a three-dimensional lattice disposed between open-cell metal foam at the upper and lower faces. The open-cell metal foam is in communication with the three-dimensional lattice so that bone growth can enter the three-dimensional lattice from the open-cell metal foam. The interbody spacer may be formed by additive manufacturing.

The methods disclosed herein of generating three-dimensional lattice structures and reducing stress shielding have applications including use in medical implants. One method of generating a three-dimensional lattice structure can be used to generate a structure lattice and/or a lattice scaffold to support bone or tissue growth. One method of reducing stress shielding includes generating a structural lattice to provide sole mechanical spacing across an area for desired bone or tissue growth. Some examples can use a repeating modified rhombic dodecahedron or radial dodeca-rhombus unit cell. Some methods are also capable of providing a lattice structure with anisotropic properties to better suit the lattice for its intended purpose.

In various embodiments, an implant for interfacing with a bone structure includes a web structure including a space truss. The space truss includes two or more planar truss units having a plurality of struts joined at nodes and the web structure is configured to interface with human bone tissue. In some embodiments, a method is provided that includes accessing an intersomatic space and inserting an implant into the intersomatic space. The implant includes a web structure including a space truss. The space truss includes two or more planar truss units having a plurality of struts joined at nodes and the web structure is configured to interface with human bone tissue.

A woven retention device that is configured to receive a fastener in a bone hole can be configured to promote bone ingrowth and impede biofilm formation. The woven retention device can be made of woven filaments that outline apertures of varying sizes and shapes and can serve as an interface between the fastener and the bone material. In a first relaxed state, the interwoven filaments can outline apertures of varying sizes and shapes within a predetermined range and in a second constricted state inside the bone hole with the fastener the interwoven filaments can outline apertures of decreased area that still fall within the predetermined range. The woven retention device can be configured to allow for optimal bone growth while at the same time minimizing the likelihood that biofilm forms thereon.