A method for forming a prosthesis comprising a bone-like portion and a cartilage-like portion can comprise additively manufacturing a first positive mold in accordance with a portion of a first three-dimensional model of a portion of a bone. A first negative mold can be formed from the first positive mold. The bone-like portion can be created within the first negative mold. A second positive mold of the bone and a cartilage can be additively manufactured from a second three-dimensional model. A portion of the second three-dimensional model can correspond to a portion of the first three-dimensional model. A second negative mold can be formed from the second positive mold. The bone-like portion can be positioned in the second negative mold so that the second negative mold and the bone-like portion can define a cartilage space that can be filled with a material to form the cartilage-like portion of the prosthesis.

A system and method for forming a medical implant using a printing device. The printing device includes a print head having a heated nozzle, a heated build plate for receiving the printed material thereon, and a reflective plate having an active heater. A method for forming a medical device includes extruding a printing material by contiguous deposition to form a porous object having a lattice-like structure. The medical device, such as a spinal implant, may have interconnected pores and different regions, each having a different porosity for encouraging bone growth therein. The printed medical implant may be designed to be patient-specific, customized, and printed on-demand.

An optimized press-fit between a resected bone and an articular implant may, for instance, reduce undesirable qualities, including excess micromotion, stress transmission, and/or strain. By taking into account heterogeneous bone properties, the parameters of a bone resection can be determined as to optimize the press-fit between a resected bone and an articular implant. An optimized press-fit is obtained by determining ideal engagement characteristics corresponding to the fit between the fixation features of an articular implant and a bone. Then, taking into account a bone's heterogeneous properties, the parameters of a bone resection that would substantially achieve the determined ideal engagement characteristics are determined.

A device used in conjunction with fixation hardware to provide a two-stage process to address the competing needs of immobilization and re-establishment of normal stress-strain trajectories in grafted bone. A method of determining a patient-specific stress/strain pattern that utilizes a model based on 3D CT data of the relevant structures and cross-sectional data of the three major chewing muscles. The forces on each of the chewing muscles are determined based on the model using predetermined bite forces such that a stiffness of cortical bone in the patient's mandible is determined. Based on the stiffness data, suitable implantation hardware can be designed for the patient by adjusting external topological and internal porous geometries that reduce the stiffness of biocompatible metals to thereby restore normal bite forces of the patient.

A patient-specific artificial temporomandibular joint is proposed. The patient-specific artificial temporomandibular joint includes: a temporal bone coupling part including a fixing body that is fixed to the temporal bone of a patient and a head receiver that is detachably coupled to the fixing body and provides a close-contact curved surface being open downward; and a mandible coupling part including a coupling body that is fixed to the mandible of a patient and a head that has a spherical shape and is supported by the coupling body in contact with the close-contact curved surface of the head receiver. The patient-specific artificial temporomandibular joint is manufactured by 3-D printing on the basis of shape data of the temporal bone or the mandible of a patient, so a good implanting effect is provided and the patient quickly recovers. Further, worn parts can be partially replaced, thus there is a little burden of maintenance.

A system and method for forming a medical implant using a printing device. The printing device includes a print head having a heated nozzle, a heated build plate for receiving the printed material thereon, and a reflective plate having an active heater. A method for forming a medical device includes extruding a printing material by contiguous deposition to form a porous object having a lattice-like structure. The medical device, such as a spinal implant, may have interconnected pores and different regions, each having a different porosity for encouraging bone growth therein. The printed medical implant may be designed to be patient-specific, customized, and printed on-demand.

A non-patient specific implant for neuroplastic surgery is provided. The non-patient specific implant includes a three-dimensional mesh. The three-dimensional mesh comprises titanium. The three-dimensional mesh is pre-folded. The three-dimensional mesh is configured to replace a space for a hard tissue and/or a space for a soft tissue. The three-dimensional mesh has a three-dimensional triangular shape.

Computer implemented methods of producing a bone graft are provided. These methods include obtaining a 3-D image of an intended bone graft site; generating a 3-D digital model of the bone graft based on the 3-D image of the intended bone graft site, the 3-D digital model of the bone graft being configured to fit within a 3-D digital model of the intended bone graft site; storing the 3-D digital model on a database coupled to a processor, the processor having instructions for retrieving the stored 3-D digital model of the bone graft and for combining a carrier material with, in or on a bone material based on the stored 3-D digital model and for instructing a 3-D printer to produce the bone graft. A layered 3-D printed bone graft prepared by the computer implemented method is also provided.

Devices, systems, techniques and methods for determining the fit of an implant and for determining one or more prognosticators, indicators or risk factors of postoperative performance are provided.

A method of constructing a patient-specific orthopedic implant comprising: (a) comparing a patient-specific abnormal bone model, derived from an actual anatomy of a patient's abnormal bone, with a reconstructed patient-specific bone model, also derived from the anatomy of the patient's bone, where the reconstructed patient-specific bone model reflects a normalized anatomy of the patient's bone, and where the patient-specific abnormal bone model reflects an actual anatomy of the patient's bone including at least one of a partial bone, a deformed bone, and a shattered bone, wherein the patient-specific abnormal bone model comprises at least one of a patient-specific abnormal point cloud and a patient-specific abnormal bone surface model, and wherein the reconstructed patient-specific bone model comprises at least one of a reconstructed patient-specific point cloud and a reconstructed patient-specific bone surface model; (b) optimizing one or more parameters for a patient-specific orthopedic implant to be mounted to the patient's abnormal bone using data output from comparing the patient-specific abnormal bone model to the reconstructed patient-specific bone model; and, (c) generating an electronic design file for the patient-specific orthopedic implant taking into account the one or more parameters.