An apparatus includes a controller having differential modulation control outputs and is configured to provide differential modulation signals having a particular frequency at the differential modulation control outputs. A differential modulator circuit is coupled between first differential terminals and second differential terminals. The differential modulator circuit has differential modulation control inputs coupled to the differential modulation control outputs. The differential modulator circuit is configured to: modulate first differential signals at the first differential terminals with the differential modulation signals having the particular frequency, provide the modulated first differential signals at the second differential terminals, modulate second differential signals at the second differential terminals with the differential modulation signals having the particular frequency, and provide the modulated second differential signals at the first differential terminals.

The present disclosure addresses selection of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) for control information multiplexed on a data channel. A spectral efficiency associated with control information may be derived as a function of a spectral efficiency associated with data. A modulation order and/or code rate may be selected that is suitable for the spectral efficiency associated with the data. In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may be configured to determine a first MCS for control information based on spectral efficiency associated with transmission of data, and further configured to transmit the control information with the first MCS, the control information being multiplexed with data.

Digital mobile communications devices and methods for processing, modulation and demodulation, transmission and reception of spread spectrum signals, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM) signals and conversion of spread spectrum signals into OFDM signals. Received spread spectrum signals from 3G cellular systems are converted into OFDM signals and transmitted in a Wi-Fi network. Received OFDM signals, received in a cellular system in a first RF frequency band, are demodulated and in a repeater mode are re-transmitted in a cellular system in a second OFDM radio frequency band. One or more receivers and demodulators for receiving demodulating and processing received signals into location finder information. A video camera in mobile device generates video signal and transmits video signal with location finder information signal.

Mobile Networks using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) and or spread spectrum modulation and demodulation techniques process in mobile devices spread spectrum signals into OFDM signals. A first mobile device receives and demodulates a spread spectrum modulated signal into a baseband spread spectrum signal and processes the baseband spread spectrum signal into a first OFDM signal. The first OFDM signal is transmitted to a second mobile device. In the second mobile device the received first OFDM signal is demodulated and processed into a second OFDM signal. The second OFDM signal is transmitted in the mobile network. Alternatively, the first mobile device receives, instead of a spread spectrum signal a modulated OFDM signal. The mobile device has a motion detector which generates a motion detector signal for control of the mobile device. The mobile device has a heart rate sensor and measures the heart rate.

A system and method include a wireless node with a scheduler and a harmonizing controller connected with the node. The harmonizing controller includes a processor and a memory, where the memory stores instructions, which when executed by the processor, causes the processor to receive a radio signal, process the radio signal to determine bits of the signal, and synchronize a wireless schedule of the scheduler with a schedule of other nodes based on the bits to perform neighborhood harmonization.

Proposed is a method of optical data transmission. The method comprises different steps. At least one stream of data bits is received. Sets of data bits are mapped onto successive logical states. The logical states correspond to respective sets of two initial QPSK symbols chosen according to a QPSK mapping and according to a set partitioning rule. The logical states are differentially encoded according to a differential encoding rule. For the differentially encoded logical states respective sets of two resulting QPSK symbols are derived according to the QPSK mapping and according to the set partitioning rule. The encoded sets of two QPSK symbols are transmitted using polarization division multiplexing. The differential encoding rule results in a differential encoding of one of the initial QPSK symbols but not the other of the initial QPSK symbols.

Mobile Networks using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) and or spread spectrum modulation and demodulation techniques process in mobile devices spread spectrum signals into OFDM signals. A first mobile device receives and demodulates a spread spectrum modulated signal into a baseband spread spectrum signal and processes the baseband spread spectrum signal into a first OFDM signal. The first OFDM signal is transmitted to a second mobile device. In the second mobile device the received first OFDM signal is demodulated and processed into a second OFDM signal. The second OFDM signal is transmitted in the mobile network. Alternatively, the first mobile device receives, instead of a spread spectrum signal a modulated OFDM signal. The mobile device has a motion detector which generates a motion detector signal for control of the mobile device. The mobile device has a heart rate sensor and measures the heart rate.

Digital mobile communications devices and methods for processing, modulation and demodulation, transmission and reception of spread spectrum signals, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM) signals and conversion of spread spectrum signals into OFDM signals. Received spread spectrum signals from 3G cellular systems are converted into OFDM signals and transmitted in a Wi-Fi network. Received OFDM signals, received in a cellular system in a first RF frequency band, are demodulated and in a repeater mode are re-transmitted in a cellular system in a second OFDM radio frequency band. One or more receivers and demodulators for receiving demodulating and processing received signals into location finder information. A video camera in mobile device generates video signal and transmits video signal with location finder information signal.

A method and system are disclosed for communicating using both analog and digital transmissions on the same bandwidth. The method may include receiving a digital transmission and an analog transmission using a same/shared bandwidth. The method may include playing a digital audio of the digital transmission and an analog audio of the analog transmission using a same audio output. The digital transmission may include an identification code. The playing of the digital audio may include selectively playing the digital audio based on a match of the identification code with a stored identification code of the system and selectively squelching the digital audio based on a mismatch of the identification code with the stored identification code.

An electronic circuit is provided. The electronic circuit includes an input port configured to receive an in-phase (I) data signal and a quadrature (Q) data signal. The electronic circuit includes a conversion circuit configured to convert the I data signal and the Q data signal to a plurality of differential signal pairs. The electronic circuit includes a mixer circuit configured to mix the plurality of differential signal pairs with a plurality of pulse signals to obtain a pair of differential mixer output signals. The electronic circuit includes a variable gain amplifier (VGA) configured to generate an output signal based on the pair of differential mixer output signals. The plurality of pulse signals have a same duty ratio that is greater than 100/N %, where N is a total number of the plurality of pulse signals. A phase difference between two consecutive pulse signals equals 360/N . Also provided is a method.